Perinatal Activation of Brown Adipose Tissue

Cannon, Barbara; Connolly, Eamonn; Obregón, Marı́a Jesús; Nedergaard, Jan

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-72975-1_27

Cited by 21 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 34 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…A reduction in UCP1 protein as a result of elevated prolactin is in accord with previous findings in adult females (Chan & Swaminathan, 1990), but is in direct contrast to the response of fetal and neonatal rat pups following chronic maternal prolactin administration (Budge et al 2002). The most likely explanation for these divergent responses to raised prolactin relate to the parallel postnatal development of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis that is necessary for brown adipose tissue maturation (Cannon et al 1988). The fetal rat pup has an immature hypothalamic-pituitary axis with plasma prolactin and UCP1 abundance remaining low, thereby making the fetus more responsive to exogenous prolactin exposure.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

“…The fetal rat pup has an immature hypothalamic-pituitary axis with plasma prolactin and UCP1 abundance remaining low, thereby making the fetus more responsive to exogenous prolactin exposure. A gradual increase in prolactin then occurs postnatally (Yamamuro et al 1999) coincident with the maturation of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis and the recruitment of non-shivering thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue (Cannon et al 1988). Further prolactin exposure either at the time of, or following, maximal recruitment of UCP1 does not therefore appear to promote UCP1 abundance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Differential Effects of Age and Sex on the Postnatal Responsiveness of Brown Adipose Tissue to Prolactin Administration in Rats

Pearce

Diéguez

Gualillo

et al. 2003

Experimental Physiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Previous studies have shown that prolactin administration to pregnant rats results in offspring with enhanced abundance of the brown adipose tissue‐specific uncoupling protein (UCP) 1. The present study therefore aimed to determine whether a similar effect was observed after birth and if the sex of the animal further influenced the responsiveness of brown adipose tissue mitochondria to prolactin administration. Daily prolactin injections were therefore commenced at 15, 35 or 60 days of age and continued for 4 days. The abundance of UCP1 was unchanged with age in females but decreased between 15 and 35 days in males and was lower in males than females by 60 days of age. Cytochrome c abundance remained unchanged with postnatal age in both males and females and was consistently higher in males at each sampling age. Prolactin decreased the abundance of UCP1 and cytochrome c when administered to female rats at 35 and 60 days of age, but had no effect at 15 days. In contrast, prolactin had no effect on UCP1 in male rats at any age, but did stimulate the abundance of cytochrome c at 15 days of age. In conclusion, the administration of prolactin to postnatal rats over the period in which maturation of the hypothalamic‐pituitary axis and brown adipose tissue function is occurring did not enhance UCP1 abundance. In females, prolactin actually caused a reduction in UCP1 suggesting that in rats it is only prior to birth that prolactin has a stimulatory role on brown adipose tissue development.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential Effects of Age and Sex on the Postnatal Responsiveness of Brown Adipose Tissue to Prolactin Administration in Rats

Pearce

Diéguez

Gualillo

et al. 2003

Experimental Physiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, can these maladaptations be programmed in utero ? In relation to the relative importance of the prenatal and the postnatal diet in excess fat deposition, a majority of small and large mammals are born with minimal fat reserves in which the major component is brown adipose tissue rather than white adipose tissue (Cannon et al 1988;Bispham et al 2005). Critically, brown adipose tissue is located in very different regions in small and large mammals; it is found in the intrascapular region in rodents but around the central organs such as the kidney in young sheep and infants.…”

Section: Nutritional Programming Of the Kidney And Its Relationship Wmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integration of physiological and molecular mechanisms of the developmental origins of adult disease: new concepts and insights

Symonds

2007

Proc. Nutr. Soc.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

It is now well established that an imbalance or reduction in the maternal diet either through pregnancy and lactation or at defined time points therein can have long-term effects on cardiovascular and metabolic health in the resulting offspring; the exact outcome varying greatly with the period of development or growth targeted. The EARly Nutrition programming -longterm follow up of Efficacy and Safety Trials and integrated epidemiological, genetic, animal, consumer and economic research (EARNEST), or metabolic programming, project aims to determine the primary physiological and molecular mechanisms that cause long-term changes in both cardiovascular function and metabolic homeostasis. Thereafter, it also aims to examine nutritional interventions that could be adopted in order to overcome such complications. The present review summarises some of the more recent findings from a range of nutritional interventions in both small and large animals that are beginning to uncover novel pathways by which long-term health can be determined. These interventions include nutritional manipulations that can increase or decrease blood pressure in the resulting offspring as well as indicating their dissociation from adaptations in the kidney. Particular emphasis will be placed on growth during lactation in conjunction with the extent to which central and peripheral tissue adaptations can act to amplify, or protect, the offspring from later disease when born to nutritionallymanipulated mothers.

show abstract

“…In ruminants, BAT is rapidly being used following birth and quickly disappears, typically being absent in the adult. Rodents however typically huddle together in a nest after birth and UCP1 does not reach maximal levels until approximately two weeks after birth and are able to maintain functional BAT throughout their lifetime (Cannon et al 1988). Because of this unique characteristic, rodents are an excellent model for studying nutritional regulation of BAT and its effects.…”

Section: Nutritional Regulation Of Bat and Thermogenic Capacitymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Role for Arginine in Enhancing Neonatal Thermogenesis.

Greff

Satterfield

2011

Biology of Reproduction

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Maintenance of body temperature is one of the first and most important physiological processes that must be initiated after birth.Failure to sustain homeothermy leads to hypothermia and death. Indeed, in sheep, 40% of non-predator lamb deaths are attributed to cold and cold-related causes. Brown adipose tissue (BAT)is an essential mediator of thermogenesis in many species and is responsible for 50% of the heat generated in the newborn lamb despite comprising only 2% of body weight.Previously, we found that maternal arginine supplementation increased fetal peri-renal BAT by 62%. This observation led us to test the hypothesis that increased the amount of fetal BAT will enhance neonatal thermogenesis at birth and thus combat the effects of cold stress. Thirty-one multiparous Suffolk ewes gestating singletons and twins were assigned to receive either intravenous injections of L-arginine (27 mg/kg bodyweight; n=17) or sterile saline (n=14)

show abstract

Perinatal Activation of Brown Adipose Tissue

Cited by 21 publications

References 34 publications

Differential Effects of Age and Sex on the Postnatal Responsiveness of Brown Adipose Tissue to Prolactin Administration in Rats

Differential Effects of Age and Sex on the Postnatal Responsiveness of Brown Adipose Tissue to Prolactin Administration in Rats

Integration of physiological and molecular mechanisms of the developmental origins of adult disease: new concepts and insights

A Novel Role for Arginine in Enhancing Neonatal Thermogenesis.

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About