Perinatal and Maternal Outcome in Prelabour Rupture of Membranes

Abstract

Prelabour Rupture of Membranes (PROM) is one of the most common complications of pregnancy that has major impact on fetal and maternal outcome. It occurs in 1 out of every 10 pregnancies; 80% of women who present with PROM are term. It is also one of the commonest event where a normal pregnancy can turn into a high risk situation for the mother as well as for the fetus. Despite the relative frequency of this event, clinical management is one issue unresolved by the clinical research till date. A prospective study was designed to know the incidence, etiology, risk factors, fetal and maternal outcomes of prelabour rupture of membrane in Government Chengalpattu Medical College Hospital. One hundred mothers with singleton pregnancy in the age group of 19 to 35 years with leaking per vaginum and without maternal complications interfering with active management of PROM like heart disease, Pregnancy Induced Hypertension (PIH) were chosen and assessed with a standardized protocol. The data was collected and analysed statistically.

A prospective study of maternal outcome of labor and perinatal outcome in premature rupture of membranes

“…The incidence is slightly less than the incidence given by Minnalkodi et al, in which only term PROM cases were studied and incidence of RDS was 13%. 18 In our study the incidence of RDS was 26.4% in neonates born before 37 weeks of gestation which is well consistent with study done by Patil et al where incidence of RDS was 26% in PPROM cases. 14 Only 1.6% babies with gestational age more than 37 weeks developed RDS in our study.…”

“…In our study PPH complicated 2.8% cases which was comparable to study done by Endale et al in which PPH complicated 3.7% cases. 19 The incidence of puerperal pyrexia was 9.8% in our study which is comparable to the incidence of 9% given by Minnalkodi et al and 11% by Patil et al 14,18 There was no case of puerperal sepsis in our study likely due to proper antibiotic prophylaxis, restricted PV examinations and early intervention of leaking cases.…”

“…All the neonatal mortalities were seen in neonates born before 37 weeks of gestation which is comparable with the study by Minnalkodi et al where the incidence of perinatal mortality was 1% in term PROM cases. 18 In our study there was 3.8% perinatal mortality in neonates with gestational age <37 weeks and no perinatal mortality in neonates born at ≥37 weeks. The reason for early neonatal death in our study was low birth weight, respiratory distress syndrome and septicemia.…”

“…This was comparable with study results given by Minnalkodi et al which included term PROM cases and the incidence of neonatal sepsis was 2% and study results by Patil et al which included only PPROM cases and incidence of neonatal sepsis was 14%. 14,18 In our study 16.8% neonates required NICU admission. This is comparable to study by Endale et al where they found NICU admission rate of 25.4% in term PROM cases.…”

“…14 In our study the mode of delivery in majority of the patients was LSCS (69.8%) which is in contrast to studies by Minnalkodi et al where 87% patients delivered by vaginal route and only 19% patients required LSCS. 18 According to study done by Gahwagi et al vaginal delivery occurred in 72% and LSCS in 28% patients of PROM. 17 The reasons for increased rate of LSCS in our hospital could be failure of induction and persistent maternal insist for cesarean section due to fear of oligohydramnios.…”