Perinatal outcome in pregnancy induced hypertension cases at GMERS Medical College, Dharpur-Patan, North Gujarat region, India: a prospective study

Abstract

Pregnancy is a physiological phenomenon for most women. However, some develop problems during its evolution, putting both the mother's and the conceptus' health at sake. Pregnancy-induced hypertension is one of the maternal diseases that cause the most detrimental effects to the maternal, fetal, and neonatal organisms. Pregnancy-induced hypertension is the general classification for hypertension diseases during pregnancy, which include pregnancy-induced hypertension (without proteinuria), preeclampsia (with proteinuria), and ABSTRACT Background: Pregnancy Induced Hypertension (PIH) is one of the common conditions of unknown etiology which increases risk of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Objectives: To study the maternal and perinatal outcome in pregnancy induced hypertension. Methods: A prospective study was carried out from February 2014 to January 2015 in the Department of obstetrics and gynecology of GMERS medical college and hospital, Dharpur-Patan, North Gujarat, India. A total of 95 pregnant women with PIH were enrolled in the study. A pre-tested interview tool was used to collect necessary information such as detailed history, clinical examination findings and investigations performed. Results were analyzed using SPSS 17.0 (Trial Version). Results: In the present study, the overall incidence of PIH was 12.8%, which includes preeclampsia in 11.4% and eclampsia in 1.4%. Out of total 95 cases, 69 (72.6%) were emergency cases. 72 (75.7%) cases were from rural area. The most common symptoms were labour pains (48.4%) followed by eclampsia (11.5%). 51 (53.7%) women delivered normally. Eclampsia was the commonest maternal complication affecting 11.6% of cases. Out of total 95 births, perinatal deaths were occurred in 22 (23.15%) cases. Out of 22 perinatal deaths, 13 (61.2%) were still births and 9 (42.8%) were neonatal deaths. Conclusions: Pregnancy induced hypertension is a common medical disorder seen associated with pregnancy especially among young primigravidas, who remain unregistered during pregnancy. Maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality can be reduced by early recognition and institutional management.

A study on pregnancy induced hypertension and foetal outcome among patient with PIH at tertiary care hospital, Valsad

“…Almost similar finding was reported in study conducted by Gandhi et al at Dharpur-Patan showed that 48.4% had labour pain, 11.6% had convulsion, 10.5% had no any complain, 9.5% had oedema feet and 6.3% headache and bleeding per vagina (6.3%). 10 In present study among PIH patients 85.93% and 98.43% of had mild PIH with systolic B.P. 140-160 mmHg and diastolic B.P.…”

“…9 In contrast to this different study conducted by Gandhi et al and Khosravi et al 43.15% among primiparous 56.85% multiparous and 32.8% PIH mother are nullipara while 67.2% were multipara respectively. 10,12 In our study among PIH mother we found that 48.44% had lower abdominal pain, 18.75% had vomiting/epigastric discomfort followed by headache (12.50%), convulsion (10.94%), no any complain (10.94%), oedema feet (9.37%), dizziness (7.81%). Almost similar finding was reported in study conducted by Gandhi et al at Dharpur-Patan showed that 48.4% had labour pain, 11.6% had convulsion, 10.5% had no any complain, 9.5% had oedema feet and 6.3% headache and bleeding per vagina (6.3%).…”

“…9 Gandhi et al in their study found that 48.42% of PIH mother was 21-25 years of age group, followed by greater than 30 years of age (25.26%), 14.73% in 26-30 years of age group and 11.57% in less than 20 years of age. 10 Similarly Bangal et el in their study found majority of PIH mother were in age group of 15-20 years (52.63%) followed by 21-25 years (31.59%), 26-30 years of age (10.52%) and above 30 years (5.26%). 11 Khosravi et al also noted that 55.6% PIH mother was 21-30 years of age followed by more than 30 years of age (32.2%) and less than 20 years of age (12.2%).…”

Maternal and perinatal outcome associated with pregnancy induced hypertension

“…Eclampsia was responsible for maximum number of preterm deliveries 58.3% followed by severe preeclampsia 50%, which is comparable with the studies by Gandhi M et al, Bangal V et al and by George JN et al where in, the incidence was 29%, 37%, and 31% respectively (Table 9). 5,9,10 This indicates that severity of the disease is directly related to the prematurity of the baby. 32 out of 182 cases in this study had Apgar <6 (17.5%) at 1 min and 22 out 182 cases in this study had Apgar <8 (11.9%) at 5 minutes.…”

Fetomaternal outcome in severe preeclampsia and eclampsia: a retrospective study in a tertiary care centre

“…Tufnell et al reported 65.3% incidence of prematurity. 11 The high incidence of preterm delivery could be attributed to the early intervention and induction of labour or LSCS done to avert further maternal and perinatal complications.…”