Perinatal outcomes and serological results in neonates of pregnant women seropositive to SARS-CoV-2: A cross-sectional descriptive study

Abstract

Introduction SARS-CoV-2 has spread rapidly throughout the world. However, its ability to cause severe disease is not homogeneous according to sex and the different age groups. Objective To determine perinatal characteristics, morbidity, mortality, and serological results in neonates from seropositive pregnant women to SARS-CoV2. Methods We did a retrospective, descriptive, cross-sectional study. We included all newborns from positive pregnant women to SARS-CoV-2, between April 15 and May 10, 2020, who delivered in the National Perinatal Maternal Institute of Peru. The study extracted maternal and neonatal variables collected from the medical charts. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Fischer's exact test. Results One hundred fourteen neonates were identified, 36.8% IgM/IgG positive for SARS-CoV-2, 7% IgG, and 56.2% had negative serology. The obstetric complications were premature rupture of membranes (14.9%) and preterm birth (8,8%). 8.8% of newborns had an Apgar score of less than or equal to six minutes, and of those, only one persisted after five minutes; three newborns died. There was an association between the type of maternal immunoglobulin and the serology of the newborn (p < 0.05). No association was observed between perinatal results and maternal immunoglobulin type (p > 0.05) or serological results in the newborn for SARS-CoV-2 (p > 0.05). Conclusion 43.9% of seropositive mothers' neonates to SARS-CoV-2 had a positive serological result, more frequently type IgM/IgG. 10.5% of the neonates had some morbidity, more frequent prematurity, low birth weight, and 2.6% died. Perinatal results were not associated with the type of immunoglobulin of mothers seropositive to SARS CoV-2; similarly, perinatal results were not associated with serological results in the newborn

Resultados del embarazo en mujeres con y sin COVID-19 en un hospital nacional de nivel III de Perú

“…La evidencia actual del impacto de la enfermedad por el nuevo coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) es aún controversial en los resultados del embarazo [3][4][5] y en el recién nacido 3,6 . Estudios a inicios de la pandemia encontraron que el 23,5% de las gestantes con infección por SARS-CoV-2 tuvieron parto pretérmino 7 , en comparación con la prevalencia global de parto pretérmino, que oscila entre el 5% y el 18% 8 .…”