Perinatal Responsiveness to Alcohol's Chemosensory Cues as a Function of Prenatal Alcohol Administration during Gestational Days 17–20 in the Rat

Dominguez, Hector D.; López, Marcelo F.; Chotro, M. Gabriela; Molina, Juan Carlos

doi:10.1006/nlme.1996.0012

Cited by 67 publications

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“…In prior studies we have observed similar phenomena. This effect was encountered soon after birth when animals were stimulated with a distinct olfactory cue (Chotro & Spear, 1997;Dominguez et al, 1996). Interestingly, and also in accordance with the present results, this interaction between prenatal ethanol and postnatal stress did not affect habituation: prenatally exposed animals in the present study were capable of exhibiting progressive decrements in locomotion as a function of repeated experiences with a novel environment.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Yet, the participation of other intervenient factors in this effect can not be completely rule out. With this ethanol exposure there is no evidence of morphological alterations (Dominguez, Lopez, Chotro, & Molina, 1996) or deficits in associative learning capabilities assessed through Pavlovian conditioning procedures (Nizhnikov, Molina, Varlinskaya, & Spear, 2006;Pueta et al, 2005) attributable to the teratogenic properties of ethanol. However, these animals show a tendency towards hyper-reactivity when they are confronted with novel stimuli (Chotro & Spear, 1997;Dominguez et al, 1996).…”

Section: Nih-pa Author Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…With this ethanol exposure there is no evidence of morphological alterations (Dominguez, Lopez, Chotro, & Molina, 1996) or deficits in associative learning capabilities assessed through Pavlovian conditioning procedures (Nizhnikov, Molina, Varlinskaya, & Spear, 2006;Pueta et al, 2005) attributable to the teratogenic properties of ethanol. However, these animals show a tendency towards hyper-reactivity when they are confronted with novel stimuli (Chotro & Spear, 1997;Dominguez et al, 1996). Recent experimental evidence also suggests that moderate fetal exposure to ethanol during late gestation sensitizes the neonate to positive reinforcing effects of low ethanol doses (0.25-0.75 g/kg; Nizhnikov et al, 2006) and the fetus to sedative effects of higher doses (1-2 g/kg; Chotro & Spear, 1997).…”

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Acute sensitivity and acute tolerance to ethanol in preweanling rats with or without prenatal experience with the drug

Arias

Molina

Mlewski

et al. 2008

Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior

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The present study examined behavioral sensitivity and acute tolerance to ethanol in infants with or without a moderate prenatal ethanol experience. During gestational days 17-20 dams received 0.0 or 2.0 g/kg ethanol. On postnatal day 13 pups were administered 0.0, 0.5 or 2.5 g/kg ethanol prior to assessment of locomotion. One third of the pups were evaluated at 5-10, 30-35 and 60-65 min after ethanol administration; another third was tested only during the last two post-administration periods; and the remaining third was tested only at 60-65 min. At 30-35 min blood ethanol levels were similar to those attained at 60-65 min. The main results of the study were: (a) The 2.5 g/kg ethanol dose induced biphasic motor effects: stimulation 5-10 minutes after drug administration and sedation after 30-35 or 60-65 minutes. (b) Infants exhibited acute tolerance to ethanol's sedative effects. (c) Although pups prenatally treated with ethanol exhibited heightened locomotor activity levels, acute sensitivity and tolerance were not affected by prenatal treatment. In summary, infants are sensitive to biphasic motor consequences of ethanol and readily exhibit acute tolerance to ethanol's sedative effects. In addition, moderate prenatal ethanol exposure was sufficient to induce hyper-reactivity in the offspring without affecting habituation. KeyboardsPrenatal ethanol; ethanol acute sensitivity; ethanol acute tolerance; locomotor activity; habituation; infant and rat There is a considerable body of experimental evidence indicating that prenatal exposure to ethanol can critically modulate subsequent ethanol intake. This association between prenatal ethanol exposure and later affinity for the drug has been detected in various strains of rats and mice when using a variety of modes of ethanol exposure during pregnancy (Chotro, Arias, & Laviola, 2007). Heightened ethanol consumption resulting from gestational exposure to ethanol has been observed through tests conducted during different ontogenetic periods, including infancy, adolescence and adulthood (Chotro et al., 2007;. Recent epidemiologic studies have found results analogous to those reported in this preclinical research. Even when controlling genetic and environmental factors known to modulate ethanol * Corresponding author. Center for Developmental Psychobiology, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY 13902-6000, USA Email Address afelicidade@yahoo.es. Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. NIH Public Access NIH-PA Author ManuscriptNIH-PA Author Manuscript NIH-PA Author Manuscript affinity, prenatal exposure to ethanol st...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Nih-pa Author Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 96%

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confidence: 96%

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Acute sensitivity and acute tolerance to ethanol in preweanling rats with or without prenatal experience with the drug

Arias

Molina

Mlewski

et al. 2008

Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior

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“…There is considerable agreement that ethanol exposure during pregnancy results in either a predisposition to consume (102,104,105) or changes upon the pattern of reactivity to ethanol (6,10,(93)(94)(95)(100)(101)(102)159,161) later in life. Recent epidemiologic studies have systematically indicated that even when controlling for variables known to affect ethanol use and abuse (e.g., genetic predisposition as assessed through family history of alcoholism, gender, co-use of other psychotropic agents throughout gestation, and different environmental factors), prenatal ethanol exposure strongly predicts later ethanol drinking patterns and ethanol-related problems (173)(174)(175)(176)(177).…”

Section: Final Considerations: Relationships Between Preclinical and mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fetal Learning About Ethanol and Later Ethanol Responsiveness: Evidence Against “Safe” Amounts of Prenatal Exposure

Abate

Pueta

Spear

et al. 2008

Exp Biol Med (Maywood)

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Near-term fetuses of different mammalian species, including humans, exhibit functional sensory and learning capabilities. The neurobiological literature indicates that the unborn organism processes sensory stimuli present in the amniotic fluid, retains this information for considerable amounts of time, and is also capable of associating such stimuli with biologically relevant events. This research has stimulated studies aimed at the analysis of fetal and neonatal learning about ethanol, a topic that constitutes the core of the present review. Ethanol has characteristic sensory (olfactory, taste, and trigeminal) attributes and can exert pharmacologic reinforcing effects. The studies under examination support the hypothesis that low to moderate levels of maternal ethanol intoxication during late pregnancy set the opportunity for fetal learning about ethanol. These levels of prenatal ethanol exposure do not generate evident morphologic or neurobehavioral alterations in the offspring, but they exert a significant impact upon later ethanol-seeking and intake behaviors. Supported by preclinical and clinical findings, this review contributes to strengthening the case for the ability of prenatal ethanol exposure to have effects on the postnatal organism. Keywords ethanol; fetal learning; associative conditioningThis review analyzes the impact of low to moderate prenatal levels of exposure to ethanol on later responding to ethanol and stimuli associated with ethanol. These levels of ethanol exposure might be viewed as "safe" but nevertheless have negative effects that might not be noticed for many years.We previously reviewed the literature, examining possible associations between early ontogenetic experiences with alcohol and subsequent affinity for ethanol ingestion and sensitivity to its reinforcing effects (postabsorptive consequences that increase behaviors aimed at obtaining ethanol or that generate preferences to stimuli signaling such consequences) (1). This review took into account fetal and infantile experiences involving acute or chronic exposure to ethanol and how they exerted significant effects upon subsequent ethanol 1To whom correspondence should be addressed at Instituto Ferreyra,

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“…Two hours prior to intake testing, an intraoral cannula (PE10 tubing; length 5 cm; Clay Adams, Parsippany, NJ) was implanted. The cannulation procedures have been extensively described (Abate et al, 2000(Abate et al, , 2001Dominguez et al, 1996Dominguez et al, , 1998Hunt et al, 1993;Pepino et al, 1998Pepino et al, , 1999Pepino et al, , 2001. In brief, the flanged end of the cannula was positioned in the middle of the oral mucosa of the right cheek.…”

Section: Ethanol Intakementioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of gestational ethanol exposure on voluntary ethanol intake in early postnatal and adult rats.

Youngentob¹,

Molina²,

Spear³

et al. 2007

Behavioral Neuroscience

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Clinical and epidemiological studies provide strong data for a relationship between prenatal ethanol exposure and the risk for abuse in adolescent and young adult humans. However, drugacceptance results in response to fetal exposure have differed by study, age at evaluation, and experimental animal. In the present study, the authors tested whether voluntary ethanol intake was enhanced in both the infantile and adult rat (15 and 90 days of age, respectively), as a consequence of chronic fetal drug experience. Experimental rats were exposed in utero by administering ethanol to a pregnant dam in a liquid diet during gestational Days 6-20. Compared with those for isocaloric pair-fed and ad lib chow control animals, the results for experimental animals demonstrated that fetal exposure significantly increased infantile affinity for ethanol ingestion without affecting intake patterns of an alternative fluid (water). Heightened affinity for ethanol was absent in adulthood. Moreover, the results argue against malnutrition as a principal factor underlying the infantile phenomenon. These data add to a growing literature indicative of heightened early postnatal acceptance patterns resulting from maternal use or abuse of ethanol during pregnancy. Keywordsfetal ethanol exposure; postnatal ethanol affinity; ethanol abuse; ethanol drinking behavior; fetal learning It has been well established that prenatal exposure to ethanol can exert profound detrimental effects in the developing fetus. The effects can be widespread, severe, and generally permanent. Depending on timing of exposure, and its duration and dose, these include stereotypical craniofacial malformations, poor suckling reflexes, decreased birth weight NIH-PA Author ManuscriptNIH-PA Author Manuscript NIH-PA Author Manuscript (Abel & Hannigan, 1995;Astley, Clarren, Little, Sampson, & Daling, 1992;Clareen & Smith, 1978;Jones, Smith, Ulleland, & Streissguth, 1973; Lemoine, Harousseau, Borteyru, & Meneut, 1968;Martin, Martin, Streissguth, & Lund, 1977;Osborn, Harris, & Weinberg, 1993;Oulette, Rosett, Rosman, & Weiner, 1977;Streissguth, Landesman-Dwyer, Martin, & Smith, 1980;Ulleland, Wennburg, Igo, & Smith, 1970;Van Dyke, MacKay, & Ziaylek, 1982), and other profound neurodevelopmental effects in the nervous system Miller, 1992b). Prenatal exposure to ethanol can cause behavioral changes, such as hyperactivity, and learning and memory deficits: Indeed, gestational exposure is a leading known cause of mental retardation (Abel & Hannigan, 1995;Abel & Sokol, 1992;Sampson et al., 1997;Stratton, Howe, & Battaglia, 1996).The above notwithstanding, there are subtler yet potentially just as detrimental long-term consequences. Recent clinical and epidemiological studies indicate that prenatal exposure to ethanol is strongly associated with the risk for ethanol abuse in adolescent and young adult humans (Alati et al., 2006;Baer, Bar, Bookstein, Sampson, & Streissguth, 1998;Streissguth, 1998;Yates, Cadoret, Troughton, Steward, & Giunta, 1998). In effect, gestational exposure...

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Perinatal Responsiveness to Alcohol's Chemosensory Cues as a Function of Prenatal Alcohol Administration during Gestational Days 17–20 in the Rat

Cited by 67 publications

References 0 publications

Acute sensitivity and acute tolerance to ethanol in preweanling rats with or without prenatal experience with the drug

Acute sensitivity and acute tolerance to ethanol in preweanling rats with or without prenatal experience with the drug

Fetal Learning About Ethanol and Later Ethanol Responsiveness: Evidence Against “Safe” Amounts of Prenatal Exposure

The effect of gestational ethanol exposure on voluntary ethanol intake in early postnatal and adult rats.

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