Perinatal stroke causes abnormal trajectory and laterality in reaching during early infancy

Early reach to grasp development of infants with asymmetric brain injury on the Grasp and Reach Assessment of Brisbane (GRAB)

“…24,30,32,182,183 ). This work on the GRAB extends on previous work in early reaching 178 by identifying asymmetries between the potentially impaired and unimpaired ULs in unimanual contacts and grasps; and a paucity of bimanual grasps in infants with asymBI compared to healthy, term-born infants.…”

“…177,178 In the present study, the asymBI group demonstrated asymmetry between ULs for unimanual contacts for only 20% more of the time than the healthy group. The asymBI group also demonstrated a paucity of bimanual grasps compared to the healthy group at 18 weeks C.A.…”

“…has been reported in a small number of studies. [176][177][178]186,187 Other studies have compared reach to grasp development of preterm infants or infants with stroke to healthy, term-born infants aged two to seven months. 109,177,181 Movement quality and anticipatory strategies during reaching for moving toys using kinematic analysis has been reported previously.…”

“…109,177,181 Movement quality and anticipatory strategies during reaching for moving toys using kinematic analysis has been reported previously. 181 Behavioural coding from videorecorded assessments to measure reaching to contact toys in the midline, 109,178 or bimanual manipulation of toys in the midline 177 has also been reported.…”

“…109 To date, UCP has been identified in infants with perinatal or neonatal stroke using: (i) asymmetries of wrist movements during the fidgety period (nine to 20 weeks post-term) of General Movements (GMs) 176 ; (ii) measurement of bimanual midline toy manipulation 177 ; and (iii) measurement of reaching trajectories. 178 More recently, very early detection of UCP in infants with asymBI (including perinatal or neonatal stroke) has been described, using two measures that are 3 Abbreviations: ACPR, Australian Cerebral Palsy Register; AI, Asymmetry Index; asymBI, asymmetric brain injury; C.A., corrected age; CP, Cerebral Palsy; GA, gestational age; GMs, General Movements assessment; GRAB, Grasp and Reach Assessment of Brisbane; HAI, Hand assessment of Infants; IRR, incidence rate ratio; IVH, intraventricular haemorrhage; MD, mean difference; mini-AHA, miniAssisting Hand Assessment; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; N/A, not applicable; N/A, not calculated; PVL, periventricular leukomalacia; SCPE, Surveillance of Cerebral Palsy in Europe; SD, standard deviation; TP, time phase; TCP, toy colour phase; UCP, Unilateral Cerebral Palsy; UL, upper limb; 95% CI, 95% confidence interval. currently under development: (i) the Hand Assessment of Infants (HAI) 10 ; and (ii) the Grasp and Reach Assessment of Brisbane (GRAB).…”