Perinatal Thermal Physiology

Power, Gordon G.; Blood, Arlin B.

doi:10.1016/b978-1-4160-3479-7.10057-6

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…In utero, fetal temperature is usually about 0.5°C warmer than the mother because of heat generated by the uterus, placenta, and fetal metabolism . Heat generated by fetal metabolism is transferred to the mother primarily via placental circulation, with a smaller amount dissipated via the amniotic fluid and uterine wall.…”

Section: Further Adaptations To Extrauterine Lifementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In comparison to white adipose tissue, BAT has high concentrations of mitochondria, a richer blood supply, numerous lipid inclusions, greater glycogen stores, and more extensive sympathetic nerve supply, all of which facilitate rapid metabolism, heat production, and transfer of heat outward . Metabolism of BAT is suppressed prior to birth …”

Section: Further Adaptations To Extrauterine Lifementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although this fluid loss may not compromise a term newborn, it can lead to significant fluid balance concerns in the preterm newborn. Cold receptors in the skin and spinal column and hypothalamic thermal receptors are stimulated, further activating the sympathetic nervous system that had been stimulated by labor . This increased sympathetic nervous system activity releases norepinephrine within the BAT, producing heat via nonshivering thermogenesis.…”

Section: Further Adaptations To Extrauterine Lifementioning

confidence: 99%

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Newborn Transition

Graves¹,

Haley²

2013

J Midwife Womens Health

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The transition from intrauterine to extrauterine life is a complex adaptation. Although, in a sense, the entire time in utero is in preparation for this transition, there are many specific anatomic and physiologic changes that take place in the weeks and days leading up to labor that facilitate a healthy transition. Some, including increasing pulmonary vasculature and blood flow, are part of an ongoing process of maturation. Others, such as a reversal in the lung from secreting fluid to absorbing fluid and the secretion of pulmonary surfactant, are associated with the hormonal milieu that occurs when spontaneous labor is impending. Interventions such as elective cesarean birth or induction of labor may interfere with this preparation for birth. Postnatal interventions such as immediate clamping of the umbilical cord and oropharyngeal suction may also compromise the normal process of newborn transition. This article reviews the physiology of the fetal to newborn transition and explores interventions that may facilitate or hinder the optimal process.

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Section: Further Adaptations To Extrauterine Lifementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Further Adaptations To Extrauterine Lifementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Further Adaptations To Extrauterine Lifementioning

confidence: 99%

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