Periodic and chaotic precipitation phenomena in bile salt system related to gallstone formation

Peng, Qinglin; Wu, Jinguang; Soloway, Roger D.; Hu, Tiandou; Huang, Wenming; Xu, Yan; Wang, L.-B.; Li, X.-F.; Li, W.-H.; Xu, Duanfu; Xu, Guangyang

doi:10.1002/(sici)1520-6343(1997)3:3<195::aid-bspy3>3.0.co;2-5

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…As shown in Figure 1, our representative hierarchical supra-nanostructures are overall spherical in shape but are composed of a lot of linear hairlike branches, similar to the fractal structures of bile acid precipitates. 5,25 The average diameter of supra-nanostructures and the thickness of the branches were 124 ± 15.5 and 6.9 ± 1.8 nm, respectively. We found that both Au and Ag precursors are required to form the supra-nanostructures, and the absence of any of the two or CA led to only spherical or irregular thorny metal nanostructures (Figure S2).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gallstones are growing within the gallbladder out of bile components and can lead to gallstone diseases related with modern diet. , Gallstones are solid fractal-tree-like structures that form from bile cholesterol and bilirubin in the gallbladder. , Although the mechanisms of gallstone formation are still unclear, it is known that bile acids and the interaction with divalent metal ions play important roles in gallstone formation. − Bile salts are steroidal compounds with the active hydroxyl and carboxylic acid groups on the concave hydrophilic face and three methyl groups on the convex hydrophobic face . In the gallbladder, bile salts exist mainly as simple micelles or mixed-micelle structures, and various divalent metal ions also exist in bile. , The interaction between bile salts and different metal ions influences the aggregation behavior of bile salts and would be one of the considerably important factors in periodic, fractal, and/or hierarchical gallstone formation (Scheme ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the gallbladder, bile salts exist mainly as simple micelles or mixed-micelle structures, and various divalent metal ions also exist in bile. , The interaction between bile salts and different metal ions influences the aggregation behavior of bile salts and would be one of the considerably important factors in periodic, fractal, and/or hierarchical gallstone formation (Scheme ). Here, inspired by the macromolecular structure of metal-ion-bridged cholesterol-forming gallstones (Scheme ), we synthesized hierarchical bimetallic supra-nanostructures using cholate, metal ions, and reducing agent. The advent of high-performance multifunctional nanoparticles and high-yield one-pot synthetic procedures is still considerably critical .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gallstone-Formation-Inspired Bimetallic Supra-nanostructures for Computed-Tomography-Image-Guided Radiation Therapy

Cho

Park

Kim

et al. 2018

ACS Appl. Nano Mater.

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Inspired by the gallstone formation mechanism, we report a fast one-pot synthesis of high-surface-area bimetallic hierarchical supra-nanostructures. As gallstones are generated from metal cholate complexes, cholate bile acid molecules with Au/Ag metal precursors formed stable nanocomplexes aggregated with metal Au ions and preformed ∼2 nm silver halide nanoparticles before reduction. When a reducing agent was added, the metal cholate nanocomplexes quickly formed noble bimetallic hierarchical supra-nanostructures. The morphology of bimetallic supra-nanostructures could be tailored by changing the feeding ratio of each metal precursor. In situ synchrotron small-angle X-ray scattering measurement with a custom-designed reaction cell showed two-step growth and attachment behavior toward hierarchical supra-nanostructures from the gallstoneformation-inspired metal cholate nanocomplexes in a 60 s reaction. Additional wide-angle X-ray scattering, X-ray absorption near-edge structure, in situ Fourier transform infrared, and high-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy investigations subsequently revealed the mechanism for the evolution of bimetallic hierarchical supra-nanostructures. The gallstone-formation-inspired synthesis mechanism can be universally applied to other metals, for example, Pt−Ag and Pd−Ag bimetallic nanostructures. Finally, the synthesized high-surface-area bimetallic supra-nanostructures demonstrated significantly enhanced X-ray computed tomography imaging contrast and radiosensitizing effect for a potential image-guided nanomedicine application. We believe that our synthetic method inspired by gallstone formation and understanding represents an important step toward the development of hierarchical nanoparticles for various applications.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gallstone-Formation-Inspired Bimetallic Supra-nanostructures for Computed-Tomography-Image-Guided Radiation Therapy

Cho

Park

Kim

et al. 2018

ACS Appl. Nano Mater.

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“…Considering the organic nature of the applied compounds, a similar or even a more pronounced sensitivity on seemingly negligible modifications of the experimental procedure can be expected. The 'butterfly effect' in the form of an extreme sensitivity towards the initial conditions of reaction has already been witnessed in precipitations from salt bile systems, involved in gallstone formation 56 .…”

Section: Discussion Of the Physico-chemical Features Of The Cholestermentioning

confidence: 99%

Composites comprising cholesterol and carboxymethyl cellulose

Uskoković

2008

Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces

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Whereby cholesterol presents one of the major fatty substances in human body, carboxymethyl cellulose is a water-soluble derivative of cellulose, the most abundant dietary fiber. Whereas on one hand in vivo precipitation of cholesterol is the major cause of atherosclerosis, dietary fibers are on the other hand known for their ability to clean the fatty plaque deposited on intestinal pathways, and prevent its build-up in other critical areas within the organism. In this work, a method for the preparation of a composite material comprising cholesterol and carboxymethyl cellulose from 1-hexanol/water biphase mixtures is reported. Specificity of the interaction between the composite components in the given conditions of synthesis inhibits the tendency of solid cholesterol to adopt typical plate- or needle-shaped morphologies. Instead, control of the thixotropic behavior of the constituent polymer phase leads to the formation of bubbling, multi-layered cholesteric films. In view of the major illnesses that involve biological precipitation of cholesterol crystals, these findings may be considered as pointing towards the interactional specificity of potential chemotherapeutic and/or nutritional significance. Scanning electron microscopy, thermal and diffractometric analyses were performed as parts of the characterization of the prepared material.

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“…, Λ‫‬Ҳt Ԯ 8 . ‫ݟ‬ [53,54,57,76] , ‫݂ݐ‬ Nӄ Ǚғ [69,72] , 0͚, ‫̑‪D‬ؖ‬ Ҳ Ȁ ɀ Cn Ҳt , ‫‬քչ Ҳ Ȁ ȴ. ̓.Ҳt [58] .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

胆结石组成和形成机理的研究进展

孙¹,

徐²,

杨³

et al. 2001

SSB

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Periodic and chaotic precipitation phenomena in bile salt system related to gallstone formation

Cited by 12 publications

References 10 publications

Gallstone-Formation-Inspired Bimetallic Supra-nanostructures for Computed-Tomography-Image-Guided Radiation Therapy

Gallstone-Formation-Inspired Bimetallic Supra-nanostructures for Computed-Tomography-Image-Guided Radiation Therapy

Composites comprising cholesterol and carboxymethyl cellulose

胆结石组成和形成机理的研究进展

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