Periodic open cellular structures (POCS) for intensification of multiphase reactors: Liquid holdup and two-phase pressure drop

Lämmermann, Markus; Horak, G.; Schwieger, Wilhelm; Freund, Hannsjörg

doi:10.1016/j.cep.2018.02.027

Cited by 66 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…In process engineering, the new capabilities of additive manufacturing have been already investigated in former studies. Especially, periodic open‐cell structures (POCS), which are a subtype class of additively manufactured lattice structures (AMLS) that in contrast can also be designed aperiodically or fractally, are the object of various research . In the following, a literature survey will be given, stating also the advantage of the used geometry design in this work considering past research in this field.…”

Section: State‐of‐the‐art: Influence Of Additively Manufactured Strucmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also in 2016, Lämmermann et al investigated the use of periodic open‐cell structures of more complex unit cells (Kelvin cell, Diamond cell, and a DiaKel, i.e., a hybrid cell of these two) and their influence on the gas‐liquid distribution using a liquid collector in a trickle‐bed reactor . Later, these structures were characterized with respect to their liquid holdup and the two‐phase pressure drop and thus their potential for process intensification . Similar to Busse et al 2016, Bianchi et al 2018 looked at the advantages of using POCS for increased and intensified heat transfer in fixed‐bed catalytic reactors , .…”

Section: State‐of‐the‐art: Influence Of Additively Manufactured Strucmentioning

confidence: 99%

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SMART‐Reactors: Tailoring Gas Holdup Distribution by Additively Manufactured Lattice Structures

et al. 2020

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In chemical process engineering, fast gas‐liquid reactions often suffer from an inefficient distribution of gas and therefore mixing and mass transfer performance. This study deals with the possibility of influencing the local gas holdup and bubble size distribution in a gas‐liquid process using additively manufactured lattice structures (AMLS). The used measuring technique to study bubble size, velocity, and the local gas holdup is a photo‐optical needle probe. By using AMLS, a significant radial homogenization of the local gas holdup and the mean bubble size is achieved. Furthermore, it can be demonstrated that the bubble size can be tailored by the geometry of the inserted structure. It is illustrated that the mean bubble velocities are lowered within the lattice resulting in a higher residence time of the dispersed phase with an impact on the mass transfer performance within the AMLS.

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Section: State‐of‐the‐art: Influence Of Additively Manufactured Strucmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: State‐of‐the‐art: Influence Of Additively Manufactured Strucmentioning

confidence: 99%

SMART‐Reactors: Tailoring Gas Holdup Distribution by Additively Manufactured Lattice Structures

et al. 2020

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“…The specific surface area (S v , cm −1 ) was assessed according to the literature. 46 Coating deposition was performed by dip-spin coating, as described in section 2.3. For each sample, five depositions were performed in order to investigate the evolution of washcoat formation.…”

Section: Production Of Copper Pocs By 3d Printing-replica Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Depending on the starting properties of the resin POCS, remarkably thin struts were produced, ranging from 70 to 120 μm: notably, such values exceed the resolution of most of the current 3D printing solutions used commercially for the additive manufacturing of copper objects. The total porosity of coated samples was evaluated from weight measurements as reported in Equation 1, whereas hydraulic porosity, was calculated from the measurements of d cell and d strut using the geometrical model reported by Lammermann and coworkers 46 and assuming a circular shape of the struts. Very different results are found with the two heat treatment methods.…”

Section: Influence Of Thermal Treatment Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production and characterization of copper periodic open cellular structures made by 3D printing‐replica technique

Balzarotti

Bisaccia

Tripi

et al. 2020

J Adv Manuf & Process

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“…20 In addition, POCS were implemented for 6 process intensification purposes in trickle bed applications. 21 With the help of the fast production of 3D structures for test purposes via AM, called rapid prototyping (RP), POCS designs can be tested rapidly regarding their anticipated inductions of specific flow behaviors.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Counter-Currently Operated Reactive Extractor with Additively Manufactured Enzyme Carrier Structure

Büscher¹,

Spille²,

Kracht³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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The development of continuous flow reactors for heterogeneous chemical or biochemical reactions raises the question of efficient mixing and catalyst immobilization. Especially, in those cases where hybrid reactor concepts are aimed at, combining of reaction and extraction in one apparatus requires a solution for reaction and extraction phase distribution and immobilization concepts. Precisely designed structures inserted as reactor packings can be used to control the multiphase hydrodynamics and to act as a catalyst carrier simultaneously. However, the decision for the most suitable structure for specific reaction systems remains a challenge. While numerical simulations with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) has limitations regarding the complex interactions in multiphase flows, performing experiments using rapid prototyping (RP) offers the possibility of a fast fabrication and verification of tailor-made structures for specific flow characteristics, efficient mass transport and high conversion rates. Additionally, RP can be used to quickly approve results from CFD simulations in experiments. In the presented work the development of a counter-currently (CC) operated additively manufactured reactor (AMR) for the decarboxylation of ferulic acid (FA) to 2-metoxy-4-vinylphenol (MVP) along <i>in situ</i> extraction with <i>n-</i>heptane is shown. Here, the use and optimization of periodic open-cell structures (POCS) as a carrier for the enzyme phenolic acid decarboxylase and a distributor for the extraction phase is targeted. By rapid prototyping of transparent structures and their examination with respect to the induced flow characteristics of colored heptane, a structure could be optimized for the specific reaction system. The additive manufacturing of the POCS and its application in a CC AMR enabled 95% conversion of 5 mM FA in two hours and a MVP concentration in reaction phase below 0.5 mM.

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Periodic open cellular structures (POCS) for intensification of multiphase reactors: Liquid holdup and two-phase pressure drop

Cited by 66 publications

References 31 publications

SMART‐Reactors: Tailoring Gas Holdup Distribution by Additively Manufactured Lattice Structures

SMART‐Reactors: Tailoring Gas Holdup Distribution by Additively Manufactured Lattice Structures

Production and characterization of copper periodic open cellular structures made by 3D printing‐replica technique

Counter-Currently Operated Reactive Extractor with Additively Manufactured Enzyme Carrier Structure

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