Periodicity and environmental drivers of apical and lateral growth in a Cerrado woody species

Abstract

Key message Apical and lateral growth are seasonal in a Cerrado species, and these events are related to each other and linked with climatic and environmental features.

Growth at the microscale: long term thinning effects on patterns and timing of intra-annual stem increment in radiata pine

“…To that end, understanding growth periodicity and short-term variability is undoubtedly of importance, both in predicting growth with the greatest accuracy, but also to understand resultant wood property variability Drew et al 2011). In order to develop a finer and more precise understanding of growth at this level, it is of great value to understand better the periodicity and temporal variability of growth in forest trees Drew and Downes 2015;Bosio et al 2016;Brinkmann et al 2016). The measurement of fine-scale variation in stem size, and ultimately short-term variation in growth, provides a wealth of insightful data.…”

Duration of cambial activity is determined by water availability while cambial stimulus is day-length dependent in a Neotropical evergreen species

“…This is in accordance with previous descriptions of cambial activity for many tropical tree species. According to previous studies, cambial activity in tropical species is initiated in early spring (Dave and Rao 1982b;, 2006;, 2008;Paliwal and Paliwal 1990) or in early summer (Ghouse and Hashmi, 1983;Rao and Dave, 1981;Venugopal and Liangkuwang, 2007), whereas the termination of cambial activity has been more variable (late summer, Marcati et al, 2006Marcati et al, , 2016Giantomasi et al, 2012;Trouet et al, 2012;Morel et al, 2015;de Lara and Marcati, 2016;late autumn, Marcati et al, 2008;Bosio et al, 2016; or early winter, Paliwal and Paliwal, 1990;Venugopal and Liangkuwang, 2007). Thus, it seems that the initiation of cambial activity is more predictable than ending, although previous studies did not clarify the factors related to this contrasting pattern between initiation and ending of cambial activity and growth.…”

“…In both sampling intervals, a 12-h day length seems to limit cambial functioning for C. concolor. Recently, day length has been suggested as the most important trigger for cambial activity, challenging the assumption that precipitation was the main extrinsic factor driving cambial activity in tropical species (Yañez-Espinosa et al, 2006;Bosio et al, 2016;de Lara and Marcati 2016;Marcati et al, 2016). Day length varies predictably throughout the year, and is a more reliable indicator of season than temperature or precipitation (Lagercrantz, 2009), and can determine many biological cycles in plants such as timing of reproduction (Amasino, 2010) and cambial activity .…”

“…For each interval, we analyzed the relationship between cambial activity and time, a statistical test not related to any causal hypotheses. Next, we examined the relationship between cambial activity and soil water availability, temperature (maximum and minimum) and day length in accordance with previous causal hypotheses (e. g. Bosio et al, 2016;de Lara and Marcati 2016;Marcati et al, 2016). Due to the potential correlation among temperature and day length, we first verified the product-moment correlation coefficient (r) among them.…”

The cambium activity in a changing world

“…This issue becomes more challenging in tropical forests, where the climate influences on cambium activity and its derivatives are less defined. Temperature, water availability, day length, or even a combination of them, may influence cambium activity depending on the characteristics of each species (e.g., Marcati et al 2008;Krepkowski et al 2011;Bosio et al 2016). This is especially important, considering its high biodiversity, about 50,000 tree species (Slick et al 2015).…”