Periodontal and endodontic infectious/inflammatory profile in primary periodontal lesions with secondary endodontic involvement after a calcium hydroxide-based intracanal medication

Abstract

Patients presenting deep probing depth and undergoing periodontal treatment for at least 6 months, with no positive response to periodontal therapy, might benefit with the endodontic treatment.

Microbiota of periodontal pockets and root canals in induced experimental periodontal disease in dogs

“…Additionally, with time, periodontal disease can have a degenerative effect on the pulp, including calcifications, fibrosis and collagen resorption, and direct inflammatory effect. 6,18 In the present study, a clinically and radiographically pro- were found in 6 RC with abnormal vital pulp, agreeing with Duque et al, 19 who studied abnormal vital pulp cases associated with periodontal disease.…”

“…However, Gram‐negative bacteria were also found, whereas strict anaerobe bacteria were not present. Gram‐positive and facultative anaerobe microorganisms are associated with healthier microbiota and are the first groups of bacteria to colonize the host tissues compared with Gram‐negatives and strict anaerobes, which require longer periods of infection. Therefore, time for RC infection was not enough to harbor greater amounts of Gram‐negative and strict anaerobe bacteria.…”

“…The absence of anaerobic bacteria in the RC suggests that the pulp vitality might have favored the growth of facultative species, as they could be in a greater number of viable cells. Duque et al detected anaerobic bacteria in RC of human abnormal vital pulp teeth with chronic periodontal disease using PCR. This method can detect bacteria in the presence of 10‐10 2 cells .…”

Effect of root canal debridement on inflammatory cytokine levels

“…Martinho et al demonstrated that intracanal medicaments (chlorhexidine and calcium hydroxide) reduced bacterial counts and endotoxin levels. Consequently, it was suggested that the reduction of LPS and inflammatory cytokine levels following chemo-mechanical preparation lead to better prognosis of periodontal therapy (27). This established the positive correlations between bacterial counts and inflammatory cytokine levels.…”

“…Few studies (26,27) have used similar methodologies to assess the levels of inflammatory mediators and treatment outcomes after root canal treatment. Martinho et al demonstrated that intracanal medicaments (chlorhexidine and calcium hydroxide) reduced bacterial counts and endotoxin levels.…”