Periodontal condition and levels of bacteria associated with periodontitis in individuals with bipolar affective disorders: A case‐control study

Cunha, Fabiano Araújo; Cota, Luís Otávio Miranda; Cortelli, Sheila Cavalca; Miranda, Taís Browne de; Neves, Fernando Silva; Cortelli, José Roberto; Costa, Fernando Oliveira

doi:10.1111/jre.12605

Cited by 42 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Eligible individuals for the case group initially comprised a convenience sample of 98 male and female adults, from 35 to 55 years of age, with an established diagnosis of liver cirrhosis based on either liver biopsy and/or clinical, biochemical and ultrasonic findings. Eligible individuals for the control group initially comprised 282 adults without liver diseases that underwent the same data collection procedures, from two previous cross‐sectional studies [databases from Lages et al () and Cunha et al ()]. Individuals from the control group were examined at the same Health Public Centres and two University Hospitals and presented the same socioeconomic profile of the case group.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Periodontitis in individuals with liver cirrhosis: A case–control study

Costa

Lages

et al. 2019

J Clinic Periodontology

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Aim The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between liver cirrhosis and periodontitis. Methods This case–control study included 294 individuals, 98 cases with liver cirrhosis and 196 controls. A full‐mouth periodontal examination was performed and plaque index, probing depth, clinical attachment level and bleeding on probing were recorded. The association of risk variables with periodontitis was tested through univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression, stratified by alcohol status. Results A high prevalence of periodontitis was observed among cases (62.2%) when compared to controls (41.8%). Individuals with cirrhosis presented a chance ~2 higher of having periodontitis than controls (OR = 2.28; 95% CI 1.39–3.78; p < .001). Significant variables associated with periodontitis in the final logistic models were as follows: (a) no/occasional alcohol use model—number of teeth up 14, age ≥45–55 years, male sex and smoking; (b) moderate and intensive alcohol use models—cirrhosis, number of teeth up 14, age ≥45–55 years, male sex and smoking. Conclusions An important risk association between liver cirrhosis and periodontitis was observed. Additionally, the intensive alcohol use significantly increased the risk for periodontitis.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Periodontitis in individuals with liver cirrhosis: A case–control study

Costa

Lages

et al. 2019

J Clinic Periodontology

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“…Periodontitis, as a source of chronic low‐grade inflammation, has been associated with different mental diseases and neuropsychiatric disorders (Adams et al, 2018; Coelho et al, 2019; Decker et al, 2020), particularly depression (Nascimento et al, 2019), dementia and cognitive decline (Kaye et al, 2010), schizophrenia (Yang et al, 2018) and bipolar disorders (Cunha et al, 2019). However, in spite of these epidemiologic and in vivo experimental evidence (Breivik et al, 2006), there is limited evidence on the mechanisms by which periodontitis might influence the physiopathology of depression.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Periodontal diseases and depression: A pre‐clinical in vivo study

Martínez

Martín-Hernández

Virto³

et al. 2021

J Clinic Periodontology

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Aim: To analyse, through a pre-clinical in vivo model, the possible mechanisms linking depression and periodontitis at behavioural, microbiological and molecular levels.Materials and methods: Periodontitis (P) was induced in Wistar:Han rats (oral gavages with Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum) during 12 weeks, followed by a 3-week period of Chronic Mild Stress (CMS) induction. Four groups (n = 12 rats/group) were obtained: periodontitis and CMS (P+CMS+); periodontitis without CMS; CMS without periodontitis; and control. Periodontal clinical variables, alveolar bone levels (ABL), depressive-like behaviour, microbial counts and expression of inflammatory mediators in plasma and brain frontal cortex (FC), were measured.ANOVA tests were applied. Results:The highest values for ABL occurred in the P+CMS+ group, which also presented the highest expression of pro-inflammatory mediators (TNF-α, IL-1β and NF-kB) in frontal cortex, related to the lipoprotein APOA1-mediated transport of bacterial lipopolysaccharide to the brain and the detection of F. nucleatum in the brain parenchyma. A dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal stress axis, reflected by the increase in plasma corticosterone and glucocorticoid receptor levels in FC, was also found in this group. Conclusions:Neuroinflammation induced by F. nucleatum (through a leaky mouth) might act as the linking mechanism between periodontal diseases and depression.

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“…Cunha et al [37] evaluated the periodontal clinical condition and epidemiological and microbiological aspects of individuals with bipolar affective disorder. A convenience sample consisting of 156 participants with a diagnosis of BPAD, of both genders, was selected and submitted to complete and microbiological periodontal examination.…”

Section: Bipolar Affective Disorder and Periodontal Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…This factor has great relevance because several studies [9,11,13,[36][37][38] that evaluated the association between psychosocial factors and periodontitis utilized retrospective data obtained from medical records or individuals without medical clinic experience to obtain the diagnosis of psychiatric disorders. In these studies [11,13,38], many times, the researcher himself (dental surgeon) applied the test/ questionnaire of depressive-maniac symptoms in the selected sample, through a quantitative analysis (scores), and the diagnosis of mental health was determined.…”

Section: Final Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between Bipolar Affective Disorder and Periodontal Diseases

Costa¹,

Cunha²,

Lima³

2020

Psychopathology - An International and Interdisciplinary Perspective

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Periodontitis, an inflammatory disease of periodontal tissues, is characterized by the progressive loss of support tissue and the insertion of teeth. It derives from the infection and interaction of specific bacterial species with host response components in susceptible individuals. A growing number of observational and epidemiological studies have been published, in the last decades, pointing to a possible association between stress, anxiety, and depression with the development and progression of periodontal diseases. One of the possible mechanisms of influence of stress and of the psychosocial factors, in the periodontal conditions, is the modification of the individual's behavior. The studies that assessed the association between stress, depression, and periodontal disease are numerous in different types of design, yet their data are still conflicting. Another recurrent serious condition of mental health, frequently associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality, is the bipolar affective disorder (BPAD). Although little investigated and with conflicting data, BPAD is a behavioral factor associated to the periodontal disease. In addition, little is known about its interference with the microbial and immunological response to periodontitis. The aim of this chapter is to describe the main scientific evidence of the association between BPAD and periodontitis.

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Periodontal condition and levels of bacteria associated with periodontitis in individuals with bipolar affective disorders: A case‐control study

Abstract: BAPD was associated with increased risk for periodontitis. Individuals with BPAD presented higher levels of A. actinomycetemcomitans and P. gingivalis, suggesting that periodontitis could be a co-morbidity frequently found in individuals with BAPD.

Cited by 42 publications

References 43 publications

Periodontitis in individuals with liver cirrhosis: A case–control study

Periodontitis in individuals with liver cirrhosis: A case–control study

Periodontal diseases and depression: A pre‐clinical in vivo study

Association between Bipolar Affective Disorder and Periodontal Diseases

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