Periodontal Disease in Narcotic Addicts

Shapiro, S; Pollack, Burton R.; Gallant, Dorothy

doi:10.1177/00220345700490067401

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Many investigations had also showed a strong relation between the decrease in salivary secretion and oral diseases. The frequent presence of xerostomia in drug addicts can be linked to the inhibition of salivary glands secretion determined by opiates (including methadone), methamphetamine or to physical changes linked to the use of drug …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Xerostomia and the immoderate use of sugar cause the rapid development of caries in drug addicts. Colon imputes the preference for sugar to the constipation effect caused by the use of heroin; Shapiro, and Bernardini suppose that the immoderate sugar claim could be linked to xerostomia itself …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These factors convergence leads not only to a high impact of caries but to the onset of periodontal disease too …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The frequent presence of xerostomia in drug addicts can be linked to the inhibition of salivary glands secretion determined by opiates (including methadone), methamphetamine or to physical changes linked to the use of drug. 1,[4][5][6] Methamphetamine is a central sympathomimetic stimulant that is used for its euphoric effects. Its pharmacological action is exerted indirectly by sustaining high levels of catecholamine in the synaptic cleft and directly by binding to the postsynaptic adrenergic receptors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Colon imputes the preference for sugar to the constipation effect caused by the use of heroin; Shapiro, and Bernardini suppose that the immoderate sugar claim could be linked to xerostomia itself. 3,5,6 On the other hand, Nelson identifies that the sweets consumption of these patients is linked to a hypoglycemia caused by the hyperglycemic action of drugs. 7 Further risk factors are linked to lifestyle and may determine a poor oral hygiene.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oral and dental health of Italian drug addicted in methadone treatment

Giudice

Cicciù

Polimeni

et al. 2019

Oral Science International

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Objectives Our group recorded the characteristic of oro‐dental health among a group of drug addicts in recovery treatment with methadone, and it evaluated the changes related to the withdrawal therapy. Methodology A sample of 50 drug addicts in treatment with methadone was included in this study. At the beginning of the withdrawal therapy, the authors recorded the parameters involved in the most common oral diseases. Moreover, it was evaluated how, during the rehabilitation protocol, the behavioral parameters and the xerostomia that influence the oral health changed. A medical history especially referring to drug addiction features was made. An intraoral objective exam was done for each patient, at the beginning of the therapy and after 3 and 6 months. Results 82% of the subjects showed a DMFT > 0. No patient showed any presences of previous restorative therapies. Lowenthal's caries, mostly localized in the cervical upper maxillary incisor, were found in 12% of the subjects. The Löe and Silness index showed marginal gingivitis in 95% of subjects, whereas 44% showed improper occlusion and/or parafunctional habits. 52% of the subjects had a normal diet, but a qualitative evaluation showed a high percentage (48%) of immoderate refined sugars use. Xerostomia, that was present in 72% of patients during the drug dependence period, showed a marked reduction in the withdrawal period. Conclusion The group analyzed made a combined use with other drugs. They showed a high rate of caries and marginal periodontitis. The statistical analysis of the data proves how the methadone rehabilitation program is effective even on the oral health. It will show its effects over two different time related phases: after a first phase of decreased attention to oral health (0‐3 months), all index will increase in the long term (3‐6 months). The rehabilitation program contributes to an improved oral health of drug addicts.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These factors convergence leads not only to a high impact of caries but to the onset of periodontal disease too …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%