Periodontal Pathogens and Risk of Incident Cancer in Postmenopausal Females: The Buffalo OsteoPerio Study

Mai, Xiaodan; Genco, Robert J.; LaMonte, Michael J.; Hovey, Kathleen M.; Freudenheim, Jo L.; Andrews, Chris; Wactawski‐Wende, Jean

doi:10.1902/jop.2015.150433

Cited by 39 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…So, the interpretation of the OR value should be made with extreme caution. The absence of a strong association between the presence of some bacteria and cancer was confirmed also by a paper published in 2016 reporting the result of a prospective study on postmenopausal women [ 57 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Is periodontitis a risk indicator for cancer? A meta-analysis

et al. 2018

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BackgroundThe aim of the present systematic review was to evaluate the hypothesis of an association between periodontitis and the development of cancer.MethodsTwo reviewers independently screened electronic and manual sources for pertinent articles. Primary outcome measures were the occurrence of neoplasm diagnosis in exposed and non-exposed groups, reported to evaluate association between cancer and periodontitis.ResultsOf the 490 initially retrieved papers 10 were included in the qualitative synthesis and eight in the quantitative synthesis; the eight papers covered six studies. Considering hazard ratios, a statistically significant association was found for all cancers studied (1.14; CI 95%: 1.04, 1.24), digestive tract cancer (1.34; CI 95%: 1.05, 1.72), pancreatic cancer (1.74; CI 95%: 1.21, 2.52), prostate cancer (1.25; CI 95%: 1.04, 1.51), breast cancer (1.11; CI 95%: 1.00, 1.23), corpus uteri cancer (2.20; CI 95%: 1.16, 4.18), lung cancer (1.24; CI 95%: 1.06, 1.45), hematological cancer (1.30; CI 95%: 1.11, 1.53), esophagus / oropharyngeal cancer pooled together (2.25; CI 95%: 1.30, 3.90) and Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (1.30; CI 95%: 1.11, 1.52).ConclusionsDespite the sparse scientific evidence and considering the low statistical power of the results, this systematic review revealed a substantial lack of studies with standardized and comparable methods to speculate about the association between periodontitis and cancer; more studies are need in order to explore further the scientific evidence of such correlation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Is periodontitis a risk indicator for cancer? A meta-analysis

et al. 2018

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“…Prevotella species are Gram-negative, anaerobic bacteria which belong in the phylum Bacteriodetes . Although in healthy humans the Prevotella genus is one of the dominant genera of the salivary microbiome, distinct members of the genus Prevotella are associated with inflammatory diseases and may facilitate carcinogenesis as well [ 86 - 88 , reviewed by 89 , 90 ]. There are, however, contradicting observations regarding the role of Prevotella in the development of oral cancer [ 14 , 74 , 79 , 91 – 94 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A case study of salivary microbiome in smokers and non-smokers in Hungary: analysis by shotgun metagenome sequencing

Wirth

Maróti

Mihók

et al. 2020

Journal of Oral Microbiology

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Objective: To investigate the role of cigarette smoking in disease-development through altering the composition of the oral microbial community. Periodontitis and oral cancer are highly prevalent in Hungary; therefore, the salivary microbiome of smoker and non-smoker Hungarian adults was characterized. Methods: Shotgun metagenome sequencing of salivary DNA samples from 22 individuals (11 non-smokers and 11 current smokers) was performed using the Ion Torrent PGM TM platform. Quality-filtered reads were analysed by both alignment-based sequence similarity searches and genome-centric binning. Results: Prevotella, Veillonella and Streptococcus were the predominant genera in the saliva of both groups. Although the overall composition and diversity of the microbiota were similar, Prevotella was significantly more abundant in salivary samples of current smokers compared to non-smokers. Members of the genus Prevotella were implicated in the development of inflammatory diseases and oral cancer. The abundance of the genus Megasphaera also increased in current smokers, whereas the genera Neisseria, Oribacterium, Capnocytophaga and Porphyromonas were significantly reduced. The data generated by read-based taxonomic classification and genome-centric binning mutually validated the two distinct metagenomic approaches. Conclusion: Smoking-associated dysbiosis of the salivary microbiome in current cigarette smokers, especially increased abundance of Prevotella and Megasphaera genera, may facilitate disease development.

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“…1 ). To our knowledge, only two epidemiological studies of this type have suggested [155] or showed [156] this direct relationship between periodontitis and cancer. If that relationship could be confirmed, oral hygiene might be a safer and easier approach to prevent CRC and probably other cancers and diseases, as it has been already suggested [157] .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral hygiene might prevent cancer

Cordero

Varela-Calviño

2018

Heliyon

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Many evidences support that species from the Human Oral Microbiome Database such as Fusobacterium nucleatum or Bacteroides, linked previously to periodontitis and appendicitis, play a role in colorectal cancer (CRC), including metastasis. These typically oral species are invasive anaerobes that form biofilms in their virulent state.Aspirin (a NSAID) has been recently included into routine CRC prevention rationale. NSAIDs can prevent the growth of neoplastic lesions by inhibiting COX enzymes and another set of recently identified COX-independent targets, which include the WNT, AMPK and MTOR signaling pathways, the crosstalk between nucleoli and NF-κB transcriptional activity in apoptosis, and the biochemistry of platelets. These are signaling pathways related to tumor-promoting inflammation. In this process, pathogens or simple deregulation of the microbiota play an important role in CRC. Aspirin and other NSAIDs are efficient inhibitors of biofilm formation and able to control periodontitis development preventing inflammation related to the microbiota of the gingival tissue, so its seems plausible to include this pathway in the mechanisms that aspirin uses to prevent CRC.We propose arguments suggesting that current oral hygiene methods and other future developments against periodontitis might prevent CRC and probably other cancers, alone or in combination with other options; and that the multidisciplinary studies needed to prove this hypothesis might be relevant for cancer prevention.

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Periodontal Pathogens and Risk of Incident Cancer in Postmenopausal Females: The Buffalo OsteoPerio Study

Cited by 39 publications

References 46 publications

Is periodontitis a risk indicator for cancer? A meta-analysis

Is periodontitis a risk indicator for cancer? A meta-analysis

A case study of salivary microbiome in smokers and non-smokers in Hungary: analysis by shotgun metagenome sequencing

Oral hygiene might prevent cancer

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