Periodontal regeneration in aggressive periodontitis patients: A systematic review of the literature

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to systematically review the existing literature on periodontal regenerative procedures in individuals affected by aggressive periodontitis (AgP). An electronic and manual search was performed using an ad hoc prepared search string. All types of study designs were considered acceptable for inclusion. Data about treated patients, baseline clinical parameters, type of surgery, and outcomes were extracted and recorded. A narrative evaluation of the results was performed. After the article-selection process, a total of 22 full-texts were included in the qualitative synthesis. Twelve papers were case reports; one was a retrospective study; six were non-randomized, comparative studies; and three papers were published on two randomized, controlled trials (RCT). Various biomaterials and surgical techniques were described in the included papers. Based on the existing literature, even considering the relatively low level of evidence, periodontal regenerative surgery could be successfully performed in patients affected by AgP. There is a substantial need of high-quality RCT to support this.

Treatment of intrabony defects with modified perforated membranes in aggressive periodontitis: a 12-month randomized controlled trial

“…Clinical and radiographic improvements in the present study are in agreement with the conclusions of a systematic review showing that GTR may be successfully performed in patients affected by AgP [32]. Surprisingly, only two RCT studies (three articles) have been reported in the literature and none of the biomaterials used could be affiliated with better outcomes.…”

“…BMP2 is involved in all crucial osteogenic pathways: Wnt/β-catenin cascade, fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF2), Hedgehog (Hh) signaling as well as in Smad and Notch signaling [30]. Translocation of gingival fibroblasts/GMSCs and PDPCs alters their behavior in response to periodontal ligament and bone mediators [31,32]. Manifold molecular interactions may guide the activation and subsequent differentiation of these cells towards an osteoblastic lineage.…”

Cell therapy for orofacial bone regeneration: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

“…Moreover, one recent controlled study reported superior bone regeneration following AC repair with non‐induced BMSC‐loaded HA scaffolds, compared to the gold standard, that is AB grafts (Khalifa & Nowair, ). Nevertheless, since the current pre‐clinical evidence from large‐animal models is also conflicting (Adamzyk et al., ; Corbella et al., ), no clear conclusions can be drawn regarding the benefits of osteogenic pre‐differentiation of MSCs.…”

“…Reconstruction of oral and maxillofacial bone deficiencies is often a clinical challenge. Ridge remodelling following tooth loss is the most common cause for alveolar bone deficiencies in the horizontal and/or vertical dimensions (Chiapasco & Casentini, ; Rocchietta, Ferrantino, & Simion, ), and in the posterior edentulous maxilla, this is further complicated by pneumatization of the maxillary sinus(es) (Corbella, Weinstein, Francetti, Taschieri, & Del Fabbro, ; Danesh‐Sani, Engebretson, & Janal, ). More challenging segmental defects, which include the inferior mandibular border, often result from trauma, tumour resection, or radiation‐related osteonecrosis (Chanchareonsook, Junker, Jongpaiboonkit, & Jansen, ).…”

Osteoblast Progenitors Enhance Osteogenic Differentiation of Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells

“…However, in patients with periodontitis, the number and function of intrinsic MSCs are often compromised 4,5 . Therefore, application of these methods is limited for periodontal regeneration 6 …”