Periodontal Status Indices and Risk of Psoriasis in a Greek Adult Population: A Case - Control Study

Abstract

Aim: The aim of the current study was to investigate the possible relationship between periodontal status indices and the risk for psoriasis development in a Greek adult population. Subjects and Methods: The study sample comprised 337 psoriasis patients-cases and 337 healthy individuals-controls between 40 to 69 years of age who referred by three dermatology and one dental private practice. Cases and controls completed a health medical and dental questionnaire and underwent an examination of their periodontal status that included the following parameters: Probing Pocket Depth (PPD), Clinical Attachment Loss (CAL), frequency of a regular/irregular annual dental follow-up, and number of missing teeth. Odds ratios (OR’s) and 95% Confidence Intervals (95% CI’s) were assessed using logistic regression model adjusted for possible confounders. Results: The multivariate regression analysis model showed that a higher BMI (p=0.009, OR= 3.154, 95% CI= 1.532-4.028), alcohol overconsumption (p= 0.012, OR= 2.024, 95% CI=1.445-3.435), moderate /severe CAL (p=0.047, 95% CI=2.112, 1.156-3.249), and a number of missing teeth more than four (p=0.027, OR=2.817, 95% CI= 1.267-3.872 and p= 0.016, OR=3.510, 95% CI= 1.350-4.145) were statistically significantly associated with risk for psoriasis development. Conclusion: Individuals with a higher BMI, excessive alcohol consumption, moderate/severe attachment loss and a number of missing teeth more than four were at significantly higher risk for developing psoriasis. Keywords: Periodontal disease; Psoriasis; Number of missing teeth; Risk factor.