Periodontal status of teeth in contact with denture in removable partial denture wearers

Abstract

The aims of the study were to determine the periodontal status of the teeth in contact with removable partial dentures (RPDs) and to compare them with other teeth in the opposing arch not related to any prosthesis. The periodontal status was also assessed in relation to the age of the dentures. Four hundred and twenty-seven patients treated with RPDs from 1981 to 1986 were recalled for examination. Prior to prosthetic treatment they were given periodontal treatment and fillings when required. Initially all were given oral hygiene instructions and motivation. They were reviewed regularly only on a short-term basis. Eighteen patients were suitable for the present study comprising of eight males and 10 females whose mean age was 41 years. The RPDs were in use from 1.5 to 8 years (mean 4.6 years). The following parameters were assessed: Plaque index (P1I), Gingival index (GI), loss of attachment (LA) and tooth mobility. The wearing of RPDs resulted in higher P1I, GI and LA compared to the controls and these differences were statistically significant. There was an increased frequency of higher P1I, GI and LA with the increase in denture age. Minor changes in tooth mobility were observed. It was concluded that the wearing of RPDs was detrimental to periodontal health in patients whose oral hygiene was less than adequate.

Tooth loss in treated periodontitis patients responsible for their supportive care arrangements

“…When analysed independently by arch, wearing of upper or lower removable partial dentures was related to tooth loss in the same arch because of all and periodontal reasons. The impact of removable partial denture wearing on periodontal health has regularly been reported to be unfavourable (Carlsson et al 1976, Markkanen et al 1987, Yusof & Isa 1994, Corbet et al 2001), although some studies show no such unfavourable periodontal outcomes (Chandler & Brudvik 1984). Better oral hygiene is generally associated with less detrimental periodontal effects of removable partial denture wearing (Carlsson et al 1976) and regular recall for removable partial denture wearing patients has mostly been shown to reduce the periodontal consequences (Drake & Beck 1993), although one study from a country with no access to dental hygienists and in a population with a relatively low level of oral hygiene, 6‐monthly recalls had no beneficial effects (Vanzeveren et al 2002).…”

Association of removable partial denture use with oral and systemic health

“…21 Another study has also reported that wearing RPDs resulted in higher plaque scores, gingival inflammation and loss of attachment at abutment teeth compared with non-abutment teeth, and that there is an increased frequency of higher plaque levels, gingivitis and attachment loss with increased denture age. 22 Tooth mobility has also been reported to increase to a greater extent at RPD abutment teeth compared with non-abutment teeth when assessed objectively with the Periotest. 18 In contrast to the above findings, however, a longitudinal study that followed RPD wearers for 8-9 years found that even though oral hygiene of the patients was less than ideal, few teeth were lost and there were no significant differences in caries incidence, changes in probing depths, tooth mobility, or alveolar bone loss between patients who were wearing RPDs and those who were not.…”

Oral health in relation to wearing removable dentures provided by dentists, denturists and laboratory technicians

“…On the other contrary, previous reports have shown that wearing of RPD significantly increases the odds and severity of periodontal diseases (Tuominen, Ranta & Paunio, 1989; Wright & Hellyer, 1995), particularly periodontal conditions of the abutment teeth (Yusof & Isa, 1994). This has been explained by increased plaque formation, coverage of marginal gingivae by parts of an RPD and occlusal forces transmitted to the remaining teeth (Bergman, 1987).…”

“…With proper oral hygiene instructions and regular dental attendance RPD wearers have not had more deterioration of teeth or periodontal tissues than non‐wearers (Bergman, Hugoson & Olsson, 1982; Isidor & Budtz‐Jørgensen, 1990; Mullally & Linden, 1994). However, RPD can be detrimental to periodontal health in patients whose oral hygiene is less than adequate (Yusof & Isa, 1994).…”