Objectives To compare the clinical and histological response of supracrestal periodontal tissues to subgingival composite restorations versus natural root surfaces.
Material and MethodsIn 29 subjects with a single tooth requiring subgingival restorations, a deep margin elevation (DME) procedure with composite resin was applied. Full mouth plaque score (FMPS), full mouth bleeding score (FMBS) and focal probing depth (PD) were measured at baseline, before DME, and after 3 months. The distance between the coronal marked point (CM) to the apical margin of the composite reconstruction (AMR), at baseline, and to the tip of the periodontal probe inserted to reach the bottom of the sulcus (APP), 3 months later, were measured. An all-around secondary flap, harvested to ensure the subsequent single crown prosthetic rehabilitation was histologically processed. The histological inflammation degree was evaluated in areas of gingival tissues adjacent to the composite (B-group) and adjacent to the natural surface of each single tooth (A-group).
ResultsSignificant FMPS, FMBS and PD decreases were observed (p<0.05). CM-AMR and CM-APP were significantly different (p<0.05), suggesting an attachment gain after 3-months. The inflammation level of gingival tissue was similar in A-and B-groups (p>0.05).
ConclusionsFor the first time, this topic was clinically and histologically studied in humans. Subgingival restorations resulted compatible with gingival health, with levels similar to that of untreated root surfaces.Clinical Relevance Deep margin elevation procedure produces favorable clinical and histological outcomes allowing a routinely utilization in reconstructive dentistry.