“…Subsequently, 644 records were eliminated based on a review of their titles and abstracts for irrelevance to the research topic. The remaining 35 studies underwent a rigorous assessment process, resulting in 22 observational studies [ [18] , [19] , [20] , [21] , [22] , [23] , [24] , [25] , [26] , [27] , [28] , [29] , [30] , [31] , [32] , [33] , [34] , [35] , [36] , [37] , [38] , [39] ] being selected for inclusion in the present meta-analysis. The study selection process is presented in Fig.…”