Perioral Rejuvenation and Lip Augmentation

Validation of a Lip Fullness Scale for Assessment of Lip Augmentation

“…Longlasting or permanent fillers are also used less frequently than hyaluronic acid fillers, in part because complications (e.g., nodule formation, filler migration) and poor cosmetic results in this hyperdynamic area are not easily reversed. [7][8][9][10] A validated measurement scale would be useful for physicians evaluating the appearance of the lip. A validated scale is one with a high degree of interobserver and intraobserver agreement so that similar results are obtained when the appearance of the lip is rated by different individuals or by the same individual at different times.…”

Role of Autologous Fat Transfer to the Superficial Fat Compartments for Perioral Rejuvenation

“…16,24,25 They are readily available and tolerated by most patients, with good outcomes, but do have their limitations, including immunologic reactions, material migration, injection necrosis, and foreign body granuloma. In addition, certain fillers will require allergy testing before injection and, depending on the specific type of filler, the cost may be prohibitive.…”

Five-year Experience with Perma Facial Implant

“…As a 1-time procedure, PFI exhibits minimal scar formation and avoids “needle fatigue.” Other adverse effects of HA include asymmetry, lumpiness, granulomas, nodules, and cyst formation. 4,11,13 When such problems arise, the filler’s limited duration ironically becomes advantageous.…”

“…According to cephalometric norms, the upper lip is two-thirds the height of the lower lip 12 and projects slightly more on profile view. 13 …”