Periostin: An emerging biomarker for allergic diseases

Abstract

Periostin is a matricellular protein as well as an extracellular matrix (ECM) protein belonging to the fasciclin family. Periostin plays important roles as a matricellular protein in the setting of allergic diseases by binding to several integrins on various cells. Since periostin is induced mainly by IL-4 and IL-13, signature type 2 cytokines, and it is highly expressed in the subepithelial regions of many chronic allergic diseases, periostin has emerged as a novel biomarker reflecting type 2 inflammation in allergic diseases. It has, moreover, been revealed that periostin has characteristics different from other type 2 biomarkers such as eosinophil count and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO), reflecting fibrosis or tissue remodeling. From this, we may say that serum periostin is a "chronic" type 2 biomarker, whereas FeNO and possibly the eosinophil count are "acute" type 2 biomarkers. In contrast, it is still uncertain how we can apply periostin measurement to the use of biologics for allergic diseases.By examining the roles of periostin in allergy and the utility and potential of periostin in developing diagnostics against allergic diseases, it is hoped that in the near future, we can develop a new strategy to treat allergic patients.

Photooxidative stress-inducible orange and pink water-soluble astaxanthin-binding proteins in eukaryotic microalga

“…Fasciclin domains are conserved in secretory and membrane-anchored proteins in humans, higher plants, and microalgae, such as fasciclin I in Drosophila 38 , human periostins 39 , plant arabinogalactan proteins 40 and SOS5 41 , and the volvox cell adhesion molecule Algal-CAM 33 . These fasciclin family proteins have recently been found to be involved in multiple functions that are not limited to cell adhesion and proliferation, and they are also associated with multiple aspects of human health and disease 42 , plant reproduction 43 , and microbial stress responses, including a high-light response found in a cyanobacterial ortholog 44 . To our knowledge, none of these proteins have been reported to bind lipids, including carotenoids, or to possess antioxidative activity.…”

Progress in understanding hypersensitivity reactions to nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs

“…Although some NSAIDs hypersensitivity and related phenotypes biomarkers have been proposed, they have not been incorporated into in vitro diagnosis and validation is required. These include serum levels of LTE4 and the ratio LTE4/9a,11b‐PGF2, plasma eosinophil‐derived neurotoxin, L‐plastin, serum sphingosine‐1‐phosphate and urine sphingosine and serum periostin . The identification of biomarkers in tissues other than peripheral blood would be of particular interest …”

Respiratory

“…Asthmatic patients with high serum periostin tend to be aspirin intolerant, eosinophilic, late asthma onset, and have a high nitric oxide fraction. High periostin can also indicate a reduced response to inhaled corticosteroids [186,224]. for several weeks, led to being immobile for almost 2 weeks 5 8th-12th grade: was often sick (strep, sinus infections, bronchitis); described it as being constantly sick from fall through winter every year; also developed eating disorder during this time; had severe menstrual cramps (induced vomiting) accompanied by acne, which led to being put on birth control at age 17 as a precursor to Accutane (never prescribed); chronic constipation starting during this time University 5 Freshman -sophomore year: eating disorder was most severe during this time.…”