Peripartum Cardiomyopathy Complicated by Ventricular Tachycardia during Labor: A Case Report and Literature Review

Abstract

Background: Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) is a rare disease that typically affects young, healthy women. Because PPCM is associated with significant mortality, timely diagnosis and management are essential. Ventricular tachycardia (VT) is a major complication and contributor to sudden death. Available data on VT in patients with PPCM are limited. Aim: This case report demonstrates the clinical presentation, antenatal care, and management of labor and delivery in a patient with PPCM complicated by VT. Case report: 36-year old patient G4P3 presents at 27 weeks gestation to the emergency department complaining of chest tightness, palpitations, and profuse sweating. Peripartum cardiomyopathy was diagnosed after her last pregnancy a few years prior. Ventricular tachycardia was diagnosed at this visit and treated successfully. The remainder of the pregnancy was uneventful until she had another episode of ventricular tachycardia during labor. Treatment using antiarrhythmics (diltiazem, amiodarone, adenosine) highlights the importance of prompt intervention and the need for a range of therapeutic options. Results: This case demonstrated successful VT management during pregnancy and labor, emphasizing multidisciplinary collaboration, influencing maternal and fetal outcomes positively, providing insights into optimal care strategies. Conclusion: Peripartum cardiomyopathy complicated by ventricular tachycardia is a life-threatening combination. This case highlights the importance of timely diagnosis and management with combined care between cardiologists, maternal fetal medicine specialists and anesthesiologists to prevent morbidities and sudden maternal death.