Peripheral biomarkers of endometriosis: a systematic review

May, K; Conduit-Hulbert, S A; Villar, José; Kirtley, Shona; Kennedy, S H; Becker, Christian M.

doi:10.1093/humupd/dmq009

Cited by 354 publications

(329 citation statements)

References 200 publications

(302 reference statements)

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“…1 There is general agreement that endometriosis is a pelvic inflammatory process; however, research has suggested that endometriosis is also characterized by systemic inflammation. 4,5 Various kinds of inflammatory factors have been found to be elevated in peritoneal fluid and in the peripheral blood among women with endometriosis compared with controls. [5][6][7][8] Several case-control studies have found that women with endometriosis had higher serum levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) or oxidized LDL compared with controls.…”

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confidence: 99%

Association Between Endometriosis and Hypercholesterolemia or Hypertension

et al. 2017

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Abstract-An altered hormonal or chronic systemic inflammatory milieu characterizing endometriosis may result in a higher risk of hypercholesterolemia and hypertension. Conversely, elevated low-density lipoprotein in hypercholesterolemia and chronic systemic inflammation resulting from hypertension may increase the risk of endometriosis. We assessed the association of laparoscopically confirmed endometriosis with hypercholesterolemia and hypertension in a large prospective cohort study. In 1989, 116 430 registered female nurses aged 25 to 42 completed the baseline questionnaire and were followed for 20 years. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were applied. In 1989, there were 4244 women with laparoscopically confirmed endometriosis and 91 554 women without. After adjusting for demographic, anthropometric, family history, reproductive, dietary, and lifestyle risk factors prospectively, comparing women with laparoscopically confirmed endometriosis to women without, the relative risks were 1.25 (95% confidence interval, 1.21-1.30) for development of hypercholesterolemia and 1.14 (95% confidence interval, 1.09-1.18) for hypertension. Conversely, the relative risks of developing laparoscopically confirmed endometriosis were 1.22 (95% confidence interval, 1.15-1.31) comparing women with hypercholesterolemia to women without and 1.29 (95% confidence interval, 1.18-1.41) comparing women with hypertension to women without. The strength of associations of laparoscopically confirmed endometriosis with hypercholesterolemia or hypertension was strongest among women aged ≤40 and weakened as age increased (P values for interaction <0.001). We observed that ≈45% of the associations between endometriosis and hypercholesterolemia and hypertension could be accounted for by treatment factors after endometriosis diagnosis, including greater frequency of hysterectomy/oophorectomy and earlier age for this surgery. In this large cohort study, laparoscopically confirmed endometriosis was prospectively associated with increased risk of hypercholesterolemia and hypertension. Conversely, hypercholesterolemia and hypertension were prospectively associated with higher risk of laparoscopically confirmed endometriosis. process, which may be contributing to blood pressure elevation. 23 Hence the chronic systemic inflammation in endometriosis may predispose women with endometriosis to a higher risk of hypertension.In sum, women with endometriosis may have higher risk of hypercholesterolemia or hypertension, and women with hypertension or hypercholesterolemia may have a higher risk of endometriosis. We examined these hypotheses in the NHSII (Nurses' Health Study II), an ongoing prospective cohort study. Methods Study PopulationThe NHSII is a prospective cohort study with 116 430 registered female nurses who were 25 to 42 and resided in 14 of the United States at enrollment in 1989. At baseline, participants completed a detailed questionnaire and every 2 years thereafter completed follow-up questionnaires on the incidence of disease out...

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Association Between Endometriosis and Hypercholesterolemia or Hypertension

et al. 2017

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“…Immunity is one of the proposed factors in pathogenesis of endometriosis, so it is not surprising that inflammatory cytokines and other immunological markers have been suggested (May et al, 2010). Additional potential biomarkers being elevated in endometriosis are TGF-β1, COX-2, VEGF, ER-1α and aromatase (Meng et al, 2011), but their elevated levels are unfortunately not fully endometriosis-specific to be utilized in clinical practice.…”

Section: Immunological Markersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endometriosis-Search for Biomarkers

Králíčková¹,

Větvička²

2016

American Journal of Immunology

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“…The expression level of PEDF was found to be significantly lower in the endometrium , endometrial lesions , peritoneal fluid (Chen et al 2011) and serum of women with endometriosis than that in the same organs of healthy women. On the other hand, whether VEGF is elevated in women suffering from endometriosis is still debatable (May et al 2010).…”

Section: The Role Of Pedf In Endometrial Physiology and Pathologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of pigment epithelium-derived factor in the reproductive system

Chuderland¹,

Ben‐Ami²,

Bar‐Joseph³

et al. 2014

Reproduction

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The physiological function of the female reproductive organs is hormonally controlled. In each cycle, the reproductive organs undergo tissue modifications that are accompanied by formation and destruction of blood vessels. Proper angiogenesis requires an accurate balance between stimulatory and inhibitory signals, provided by pro-and anti-angiogenic factors. As with many other tissues, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) appears to be one of the major pro-angiogenic factors in the female reproductive organs. Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) is a non-inhibitory member of the serine protease inhibitors (serpin) superfamily, possessing potent physiologic anti-angiogenic activity that negates VEGF activity. The role of PEDF in decreasing abnormal neovascularization by exerting its anti-angiogenic effect that inhibits pro-angiogenic factors, including VEGF, has been investigated mainly in the eye and in cancer. This review summarizes the function of PEDF in the reproductive system, showing its hormonal regulation and its anti-angiogenic activity. Furthermore, some pathologies of the female reproductive organs, including endometriosis, ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome, polycystic ovary syndrome, and others, are associated with a faulty angiogenic process. This review illuminates the role of PEDF in their pathogenesis and treatment. Collectively, we can conclude that although PEDF seems to play an essential role in the physiology and pathophysiology of the reproductive system, its full role and mechanism of action still need to be elucidated.Reproduction (2014) 148 R53-R61

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Peripheral biomarkers of endometriosis: a systematic review

Abstract: Peripheral biomarkers show promise as diagnostic aids, but further research is necessary before they can be recommended in routine clinical care. Panels of markers may allow increased sensitivity and specificity of any diagnostic test.

Cited by 354 publications

References 200 publications

Association Between Endometriosis and Hypercholesterolemia or Hypertension

Association Between Endometriosis and Hypercholesterolemia or Hypertension

Endometriosis-Search for Biomarkers

Role of pigment epithelium-derived factor in the reproductive system

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