Peripheral blood mononuclear cells as a source to detect markers of homeostatic alterations caused by the intake of diets with an unbalanced macronutrient composition

Díaz‐Rúa, Rubén; Keijer, Jaap; Caimari, Antoni; Schothorst, Evert M. van; Palou, Andreu; Oliver, Paula

doi:10.1016/j.jnutbio.2014.11.013

Cited by 34 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…Our group has previously reported, based on microarray analysis, that PBMC gene expression is affected by the intake of diets with an unbalanced macronutrient composition (14). Here, we aimed to identify, in PBMC, early gene expression biomarkers of diet-related metabolic alterations (mainly those linked to metabolic syndrome and liver steatosis) due to the intake of unbalanced diets (rich in fat or protein).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Diets were purchased from Brogaarden (Gentofte, Denmark). The same set of animals was used in a previous study aimed to characterise the physiological implications of the intake of unbalanced diets on body weight, adiposity, serum parameters and gene expression in key energy homeostatic tissues (28) and to determine by microarray analysis their effect on PBMC gene expression (14). These previous studies only addressed changes found at the end of the study (6-month-old animals), whereas the focus of the present work is on changes seen during the dietary intervention.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We spent around 5–10 min per sample collection and obtained 1–1.5 mL of blood per animal. For PBMC isolation, blood was collected using heparin in NaCl (0.9%) as an anticoagulant, and then cells were obtained by Ficoll gradient separation, according to the instructions indicated by the manufacturer (GE Healthcare Bio Sciences, Barcelona, Spain), with some modifications, as previously described (14). One week prior to sacrifice and at 4 months of age, animals were submitted to a nocturnal 14-h fast to collect serum in fasted conditions to calculate the homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is a special, and very prevalent, group of individuals, the metabolically obese normal-weight (MONW), who are not obese regarding weight and height (body mass index – BMI), but present higher visceral adiposity with ectopic fat deposition in tissues, such as liver, and alteration in parameters related to metabolic syndrome, such as insulin resistance (9–11). On the other hand, increased protein consumption in detriment of carbohydrates, which has become a popular strategy for body weight control, has also been related to a potential increase in health risk, especially in the long term (5, 6, 12–14). …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The use of techniques based on transcriptomic analysis can help provide more information on eventual biomarkers of certain physiophatological changes associated with impaired nutrition (25, 26). Recently, using microarray analysis, we have also shown that PBMC can reflect increased health risk due to long-term intake of diets with unbalanced macronutrient composition (14). These results encouraged us to search for early biomarkers in PBMC to detect metabolic deviations and health consequences of diets with an unbalanced macronutrient composition.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Cpt1agene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells as an early biomarker of diet-related metabolic alterations

Díaz‐Rúa

Palou

Oliver

2016

Food & Nutrition Research

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BackgroundResearch on biomarkers that provide early information about the development of future metabolic alterations is an emerging discipline. Gene expression analysis in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) is a promising tool to identify subjects at risk of developing diet-related diseases.ObjectiveWe analysed PBMC expression of key energy homeostasis-related genes in a time-course analysis in order to find out early markers of metabolic alterations due to sustained intake of high-fat (HF) and high-protein (HP) diets.DesignWe administered HF and HP diets (4 months) to adult Wistar rats in isocaloric conditions to a control diet, mainly to avoid overweight associated with the intake of hyperlipidic diets and, thus, to be able to characterise markers of metabolically obese normal-weight (MONW) syndrome. PBMC samples were collected at different time points of dietary treatment and expression of relevant energy homeostatic genes analysed by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Serum parameters related with metabolic syndrome, as well as fat deposition in liver, were also analysed.ResultsThe most outstanding results were those obtained for the expression of the lipolytic gene carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1a (Cpt1a). Cpt1a expression in PBMC increased after only 1 month of exposure to both unbalanced diets, and this increased expression was maintained thereafter. Interestingly, in the case of the HF diet, Cpt1a expression was altered even in the absence of increased body weight but correlated with alterations such as higher insulin resistance, alteration of serum lipid profile and, particularly, increased fat deposition in liver, a feature characteristic of metabolic syndrome, which was even observed in animals fed with HP diet.ConclusionsWe propose Cpt1a gene expression analysis in PBMC as an early biomarker of metabolic alterations associated with MONW phenotype due to the intake of isocaloric HF diets, as well as a marker of increased risk of metabolic diseases associated with the intake of HF or HP diets.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cpt1agene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells as an early biomarker of diet-related metabolic alterations

Díaz‐Rúa

Palou

Oliver

2016

Food & Nutrition Research

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Human peripheral blood mononuclear cell in vitro system to test the efficacy of food bioactive compounds: Effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids and their relation with BMI

Cifre

Díaz‐Rúa

Varela-Calviño

et al. 2016

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

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Intake of Fermented Dairy Products Induces a Less Pro‐Inflammatory Postprandial Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell Gene Expression Response than Non‐Fermented Dairy Products: A Randomized Controlled Cross‐Over Trial

Rundblad

Holven

Øyri

et al. 2020

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

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It is aimed to investigate how intake of high-fat meals composed of different dairy products with a similar fat content affects postprandial peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) expression of inflammation-related genes, as well as circulating inflammatory markers and metabolites. Methods and results: Healthy subjects (n = 47) consume four different high-fat meals composed of either butter, cheese, whipped cream, or sour cream in a randomized controlled cross-over study. Fasting and postprandial PBMC gene expression, plasma metabolites, and circulating inflammatory markers are measured. Using a linear mixed model, it is found that expression of genes related to lymphocyte activation, cytokine signaling, chemokine signaling, and cell adhesion is differentially altered between the four meals. In general, intake of the fermented products cheese and sour cream reduces, while intake of the non-fermented products butter and whipped cream increases, expression of these genes. Plasma amino acid concentrations increase after intake of cheese compared to the other meals, and the amino acid changes correlate with several of the differentially altered genes. Conclusion: Intake of fermented dairy products, especially cheese, induces a less inflammatory postprandial PBMC gene expression response than non-fermented dairy products. These findings may partly explain inconsistent findings in studies on health effects of dairy products.

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Peripheral blood mononuclear cells as a source to detect markers of homeostatic alterations caused by the intake of diets with an unbalanced macronutrient composition

Cited by 34 publications

References 77 publications

Cpt1agene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells as an early biomarker of diet-related metabolic alterations

Cpt1agene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells as an early biomarker of diet-related metabolic alterations

Human peripheral blood mononuclear cell in vitro system to test the efficacy of food bioactive compounds: Effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids and their relation with BMI

Intake of Fermented Dairy Products Induces a Less Pro‐Inflammatory Postprandial Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell Gene Expression Response than Non‐Fermented Dairy Products: A Randomized Controlled Cross‐Over Trial

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