Peripheral blood stem cell collection with a blood cell separator

Abstract

Forty-three patients with malignant nonmyeloid diseases underwent peripheral blood stem cell collections on an apheresis system (Spectra, COBE BCT, Lakewood, CO). Collections took place during the white cell (WBC) recovery phase following conditioning chemotherapy. One hundred two procedures were done after chemotherapy alone, and 72 procedures after chemotherapy plus granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF). Four centrifugal separation factors were tested. One and one-half patient blood volumes were processed in each procedure. The mean volume of the collected component was 158 +/- 16 mL. After chemotherapy alone, the procedures provided a mean of 0.8 x 10(8) WBCs per kg and 2.3 x 10(4) colony-forming units-granulocyte macrophage (CFU-GM) per kg of recipient body weight. The mononuclear cell percentage in the components increased with the centrifugal separation factor from 85 to 96 percent. In parallel, platelet contamination increased from 2.1 to 3.8 x 10(11). The collect hematocrit ranged from 1.0 to 2.5 percent (0.01-0.025). The collection efficiency for mononuclear cells and CFU-GM also increased with the centrifugal separation factors from 52 to 70 percent for mononuclear cells and from 55 to 68 percent for CFU-GM. Collections performed after G-CSF-stimulated mobilization were characterized by a higher neutrophil contamination independent of centrifugal separation factor, which gave a mean mononuclear cell percentage of 64 percent in the collected component. The average yield for these procedures was 2 x 10(8) WBCs per kg and 28 x 10(4) CFU-GM per kg.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Clinically relevant hypokalaemia, hypocalcaemia, and loss of hemoglobin and platelets during stem cell apheresis

“…The potassium decreases with increased blood volumes processed. [12,14]. In comparison to plateletapheresis, the extent of the total blood volume processed and the load of anticoagulant is markedly increased during stem cell collection, in particular when using large volume leukapheresis (LVL).…”

“…In general, the leukapheresis is well tolerated, and life-threatening complications are rare and mostly caused by technical failures and human errors [15]. The most common side effects are discomfort such as paresthesias, perioral tinglings, chills, headache, and muscle cramping, which are caused by a transient hypocalcaemia [13,14].…”

Collection of mononuclear cells in the Spectra for the generation of dendritic cells

“…Independently from the following preparation technique (e.g., ficoll density gradient isolation of MNCs or counterflow elutriation), the quality of the leukapheresis component has major implications on the final yield and quality of the DCs. In PBPC collections with the Spectra, setting the SF to 1000 caused an increase in the centrifugal force and resulted in an improved collection efficiency for target cells and high platelet contamination 5 . However, by reducing the SF to 250, we could maintain an acceptable collection efficiency for MNCs (65% of the efficiency of collection at SF 750) and monocytes (70% of the efficiency of collection at SF 750) while reducing the platelet collection efficiency to 22 percent of that of standard PBPC collections.…”

Mathematical model of peripheral blood stem cell harvest kinetics

“…There are only a few reports describing changes in the default setting of the separator in order to influence the collection of a specific cell population. 26,27 However, for very high values of parameter E f , the recruitment capacity could be exhausted. This may be the reason for the thrombocytopenia in healthy donors.…”