Peripheral EMG Control of Handpaddle Influence on Swimming Movements

Bollens, E.; Clarys, Jan Pieter

doi:10.1007/978-94-011-7432-9_106

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Nowadays, technological improvements allow an easy and operative way of assessing individual force - time curves ( Toubekis et al, 2010 ), which seems to be a reason for considering tethered swimming as a useful and reliable methodology for the evaluation and control of swimmers training ( Dopsaj et al, 2003 ; Kjendlie and Thorsvald, 2006 ). It evaluates aerobic ( Pessôa-Filho and Denadai, 2008 ) as well as anaerobic ( Ogonowska et al, 2009 ; Morouço et al, 2012 ) energetic profiles, with similar muscular activity ( Bollens et al, 1988 ) and oxygen consumption ( Lavoie and Montpetit, 1986 ) as in free swimming. Although it may induce some kinematic changes ( Maglischo et al, 1984 ; Psycharakis et al, 2011 ), it is assumed that the force produced in this test is similar to the force required to overcome the drag in freestyle swimming ( Dopsaj et al, 2000 ; 2003 ; Morouço et al, 2014 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reliability of Tethered Swimming Evaluation in Age Group Swimmers

Amaro

Marinho

Batalha

et al. 2014

Journal of Human Kinetics

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The aim of the present study was to examine the reliability of tethered swimming in the evaluation of age group swimmers. The sample was composed of 8 male national level swimmers with at least 4 years of experience in competitive swimming. Each swimmer performed two 30 second maximal intensity tethered swimming tests, on separate days. Individual force-time curves were registered to assess maximum force, mean force and the mean impulse of force. Both consistency and reliability were very strong, with Cronbach’s Alpha values ranging from 0.970 to 0.995. All the applied metrics presented a very high agreement between tests, with the mean impulse of force presenting the highest. These results indicate that tethered swimming can be used to evaluate age group swimmers. Furthermore, better comprehension of the swimmers ability to effectively exert force in the water can be obtained using the impulse of force.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reliability of Tethered Swimming Evaluation in Age Group Swimmers

Amaro

Marinho

Batalha

et al. 2014

Journal of Human Kinetics

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“…However, Dotan (2019) referred to the results of McKie et al (2018) and suggested that the confrontation of the results of anaerobic tests carried out in a specific environment and under laboratory conditions (WAnT) is inappropriate and methodologically incorrect from the point of view of movement modality. Therefore, there are premises to believe that the semitethered swimming test enables keeping the natural water conditions, a similar muscular activity (Bollens et al, 1988), swimming stroke, and physiological responses to free swimming (Morouço et al, 2014;Ruiz-Navarro et al, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reliability of a semi-tethered front crawl sprint performance test in adolescent swimmers

Szczepan,

Wróblewska,

Klich

et al. 2023

Front. Physiol.

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This study aimed to evaluate the test-retest reliability of a sprint performance test with semi-tethered front crawl swimming to indirectly assess the current potential to perform at maximal anaerobic effort in adolescent swimmers. Eight adolescent swimmers participated in this study (gender: females (n = 4) aged 13.0 ± 0.8 years, body height 1.6 ± 0.0 m, body mass 50.1 ± 4.5 kg; and males (n = 4) aged 13.3 ± 1.3 years, body height 1.7 ± 0.1 m, body mass 59.0 ± 8.2 kg. The testing protocol consisted of two trials of 25 m semi-tethered front crawl swimming with maximal effort and with 1 kg resisted isotonic load. Velocity data were recorded automatically by the 1080 Sprint device for 15 m (between 3 m and 18 m). The Fast Fourier Transform algorithm filtered raw instantaneous swimming velocity data in distance (time) function. A third-degree polynomial was used to extract the individual velocity profile, from which the following variables were chosen for test-retest reliability and the assessment of sprint performance: ttrial15, vmax, vmin, tvto max, tvat max, Dto vmax, Dat vmax, fatigue index. Parameters such as vmax, vmin, and ttrial15 were estimated from swimming velocity profiles and considered as reliable. The CV showed low variance <5%; while ICC2,1 demonstrated respectively good (ICC2,1: 0.88), very good (ICC2,1: 0.95), and excellent (ICC2,1: 0.98) rate of relative reliability; and the Bland-Altman index revealed an acceptable agreement (LoA ≤5%) between two measurements. The sprint performance test based on semi-tethered front crawl swimming confirmed that ttrial15, vmax, and vmin were reliable variables to indirectly indicate a potential to perform the maximal anaerobic effort among adolescent swimmers. The evaluation of the swimming velocity profiles allows coaches to monitor the adaptive changes of performance during the training process.

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“…The lack of correspondence between kinetic and kinematic characteristics of the swimming movement and an inevitably resulting altered activation via the CNS are confirmed by numerous authors [150,[264][265][266][267][268]. This applies not only to strength training exercises, but also to swimming with pulling resistance [265,266,269,270] and work with paddles [32,[270][271][272][273][274][275][276][277][278]. For work on a swim bench, neither the innervation behavior [21,150,264,267,277] nor kinetic or kinematic aspects of the movement [150,267,268] on this training and diagnostic device correspond to those of swimming.…”

Section: Cross-sectional and Longitudinal Studies On Strength Trainin...mentioning

confidence: 96%

Strength Training in Swimming

Wirth

Keiner

Fuhrmann³

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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This narrative review deals with the topic of strength training in swimming, which has been a controversial issue for decades. It is not only about the importance for the performance at start, turn and swim speed, but also about the question of how to design a strength training program. Different approaches are discussed in the literature, with two aspects in the foreground. On the one hand is the discussion about the optimal intensity in strength training and, on the other hand, is the question of how specific strength training should be designed. In addition to a summary of the current state of research regarding the importance of strength training for swimming, the article shows which physiological adaptations should be achieved in order to be able to increase performance in the long term. Furthermore, an attempt is made to explain why some training contents seem to be rather unsuitable when it comes to increasing strength as a basis for higher performance in the start, turn and clean swimming. Practical training consequences are then derived from this. Regardless of the athlete’s performance development, preventive aspects should also be considered in the discussion. The article provides a critical overview of the abovementioned key issues. The most important points when designing a strength training program for swimming are a sufficiently high-load intensity to increase maximum strength, which in turn is the basis for power, year-round strength training, parallel to swim training and working on the transfer of acquired strength skills in swim training, and not through supposedly specific strength training exercises on land or in the water.

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Peripheral EMG Control of Handpaddle Influence on Swimming Movements

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Reliability of Tethered Swimming Evaluation in Age Group Swimmers

Reliability of Tethered Swimming Evaluation in Age Group Swimmers

Reliability of a semi-tethered front crawl sprint performance test in adolescent swimmers

Strength Training in Swimming

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