Peripheral eye length measurement techniques: a review

Mekountchou, Ingrid Ornella Koumbo; Conrad, Fabian; Sankaridurg, Padmaja; Ehrmann, Klaus

doi:10.1111/cxo.12892

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 77 publications

(244 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…27 Previously, only A-scan ultrasound biometers enabled measurements of axial length, anterior chamber depth, lens thickness and central corneal thickness. Today, other methods are available for the measurement of ocular biometry with better precision than A-scan ultrasound; for background of those methods see the review by Koumbo Mekountchou et al 28 Non-contact optical methods provide highly repeatable measurements, [29][30][31] offering a major advantage when assessing ocular biometry components in childhood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ocular biometry in children and adolescents from 4 to 17 years: a cross‐sectional study in central Germany

Rauscher

Francke

Hiemisch

et al. 2021

Ophthalmic Physiologic Optic

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose To evaluate ocular biometry in a large paediatric population as a function of age and sex in children of European descent. Methods Children were examined as part of the LIFE Child Study (Leipzig Research Centre for Civilization Disease), a population‐based study in Leipzig, Germany. Altogether, 1907 children, aged from 4 to 17 years, were examined with the Lenstar LS 900. Data from the right eye was analysed for axial length, central corneal thickness, flat and steep corneal radii, aqueous depth, lens thickness and vitreous depth. Wavefront‐based autorefraction was employed for analysis. Results Axial length increased in girls from 21.6 mm (4 years) up to 23.4 mm (17 years); this increase (0.174 mm per year) was statistically significant up to age 14 (23.3 mm). Axial length increased in boys from 22.2 mm (4 years) up to 23.9 mm (17 years); this increase (0.178 mm per year) was statistically significant up to age 10 (23.3 mm). No change was observed for central corneal thickness (average: girls 550 µm; boys 554 µm). Corneal curvature in girls was somewhat flatter at age 4 (7.70 mm) compared to age 10 (7.78 mm), whereas it was constant in boys (7.89 mm). Aqueous depth at age 4 was 2.73 mm for girls and 2.86 mm for boys, with the same rate of increase per year (girls: 0.046 mm; boys: 0.047 mm) from age 4 to 10. At age 17, aqueous depth was 3.06 mm in girls and 3.20 mm in boys. Lens thickness was reduced from age 4 (3.75 mm) to age 10 (3.47 mm) in girls and from age 4 (3.73 mm) to age 10 (3.44 mm) in boys, with the same rate of decrease per year of 0.046 and 0.047 mm, respectively. At age 17, lens thickness was 3.52 mm in girls and 3.50 mm in boys. Vitreous depth at age 4 was 14.51 mm for girls and 15.08 mm for boys; with 0.156 mm (girls) or 0.140 mm (boys) increase per year until age 14 (girls: 16.08 mm; boys: 16.48 mm). At age 17, vitreous depth was 16.29 mm in girls and 16.62 mm in boys. Conclusions Eye growth (axial length) in girls showed a lag of about four years compared to boys. Aqueous depth increase matches the lens thickness decrease from ages 4 to 10 years in girls and boys. Lens thickness minimum is reached at 11 years in girls and at 12 years in boys. All dimensions of the optical ocular components are closely correlated with axial length. These data may serve as normative values for the assessment of eye growth in central European children and will provide a basis for monitoring refractive error development.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ocular biometry in children and adolescents from 4 to 17 years: a cross‐sectional study in central Germany

Rauscher

Francke

Hiemisch

et al. 2021

Ophthalmic Physiologic Optic

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Biometry has been investigated as part of large cross‐sectional cohort studies in children, 4–7 as well as in longitudinal investigations of children 8–15 . Various methods are currently available (e.g., ultrasound, partial coherence interferometry, optical low coherence reflectometry, low coherence interferometry and swept‐source optical coherence tomography; for background on those methods, see the review by Koumbo Mekountchou et al 16 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1][2][3] Biometry has been investigated as part of large cross-sectional cohort studies in children, [4][5][6][7] as well as in longitudinal investigations of children. [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] Various methods are currently available (e.g., ultrasound, partial coherence interferometry, optical low coherence reflectometry, low coherence interferometry and swept-source optical coherence tomography; for background on those methods, see the review by Koumbo Mekountchou et al 16 ). Optical low-coherence reflectometry (OLCR) with the Lenstar LS 900 (Haag-Streit, haag-streit.com) has been employed in clinical and research settings for a number of years; for indepth details on the method, see Schmid.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasibility and repeatability of ocular biometry measured with Lenstar LS 900 in a large group of children and adolescents

Rauscher

Hiemisch

Kieß

et al. 2021

Ophthalmic Physiologic Optic

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose To evaluate the feasibility and repeatability of Lenstar LS 900 biometry measurements in a paediatric population. Methods Children were examined as part of the LIFE Child Study (Leipzig Research Centre for Civilization Diseases), a population‐based study in Leipzig, Germany. Altogether, 1917 children, aged from 3.5 to 17.5 years, were assessed with the Haag Streit Lenstar LS 900. Three consecutive measurements of the right eye were analysed for axial length, central corneal thickness, anterior chamber depth, aqueous depth, lens thickness and flat and steep corneal radii. The number of successful measurements and repeatability were evaluated for each parameter and three age bands (3.5 to 6.5 years, 6.5 to 10.5 years and 10.5 to 17.5 years). Results Best measurement feasibility was found for axial length and central corneal thickness (91% to 100%), followed by flat and steep corneal radii (86% to 100%), anterior chamber and aqueous depth (76% to 92%) and lens thickness (50% to 81%), with higher numbers for older children. Repeatability values (in mm) were: axial length 0.025 to 0.035; central corneal thickness 0.003 to 0.027; aqueous depth 0.024 to 0.058; anterior chamber 0.024 to 0.054; lens thickness 0.034 to 0.067. An overall trend showed better repeatability for older children, especially for central corneal thickness, aqueous depth and lens thickness. Conclusions For ocular biometry in the paediatric population, axial length, central corneal thickness, flat and steep corneal radii can be measured very reliably even in children from 4 years old onward using the Lenstar LS 900. Lens thickness can be quantified in a limited number of younger children. Repeatability was high for all variables investigated. Repeatability improved with age, reaching adult values in the adolescent age band. Established repeatability limits can be applied in future studies as a quality parameter.

show abstract

“…Retinal peripheral visual signals, which are basically the sum of regions, can contral central refractive development independent of central visual experience. The effectiveness of optical defocus in changing axial elongation depends on retinal defocus degree ( 12 , 13 ). However, there are generally four methods to evaluate eccentric refractive errors ( 14 ): subjective eccentric refraction ( 15 ), wavefront measurements with an aHS sensor ( 16 ), streak retinoscopy ( 17 ), and photo refraction with a power refractor ( 14 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Quantitative Comparison of Multispectral Refraction Topography and Autorefractometer in Young Adults

Liao

Yang

et al. 2021

Front. Med.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose: Purpose of this study is to evaluate the measuring consistency of central refraction between multispectral refraction topography (MRT) and autorefractometry.Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study including subjects in Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital from September 1, 2020, to December 31, 2020, ages 20 to 35 years with a best corrected visual acuity of 20/20 or better. All patients underwent cycloplegia, and the refractive status was estimated with autorefractometer, experienced optometrist and MRT. We analyzed the central refraction of the autorefractometer and MRT. The repeatability and reproducibility of values measured using both devices were evaluated using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs).Results: A total of 145 subjects ages 20 to 35 (290 eyes) were enrolled. The mean central refraction of the autorefractometer was −4.69 ± 2.64 diopters (D) (range −9.50 to +4.75 D), while the mean central refraction of MRT was −4.49 ± 2.61 diopters (D) (range −8.79 to +5.02 D). Pearson correlation analysis revealed a high correlation between the two devices. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) also showed high agreement. The intrarater and interrater ICC values of central refraction were more than 0.90 in both devices and conditions. At the same time, the mean central refraction of experienced optometrist was −4.74 ± 2.66 diopters (D) (range −9.50 to +4.75D). The intra-class correlation coefficient of central refraction measured by MRT and subjective refraction was 0.939.Conclusions: Results revealed that autorefractometry, experienced optometrist and MRT show high agreement in measuring central refraction. MRT could provide a potential objective method to assess peripheral refraction.

show abstract

Peripheral eye length measurement techniques: a review

Cited by 10 publications

References 77 publications

Ocular biometry in children and adolescents from 4 to 17 years: a cross‐sectional study in central Germany

Ocular biometry in children and adolescents from 4 to 17 years: a cross‐sectional study in central Germany

Feasibility and repeatability of ocular biometry measured with Lenstar LS 900 in a large group of children and adolescents

A Quantitative Comparison of Multispectral Refraction Topography and Autorefractometer in Young Adults

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About