Peripheral facial paralysis (PFP) and HIV infection in Togo

Balogou, Agnon Ayélola Koffi; Kpémissi, E; Nack-Nack, M.; Anani, T. K.; Agboli, K.; Prince, D. M.; Grunitzky, E. K.

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1998.tb07294.x

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…A Nigerian study showed the median age of occurrence to be 35.5 years, echoing studies in European settings [14]. A Togolese study of 150 individuals showed the average age of occurrence to be 31.4+/− 8.81 years [5]. A study with similar findings as our study was from Romania where the dominant age group of occurrence was 17-30 years [15].…”

Section: Age and Bell's Palsysupporting

confidence: 84%

“…There is no published data on the relationship between seasons and Bell's palsy in Sub-Saharan Africa generally. HIV infection has however, been associated with Bell's palsy in the tropical countries with no reports in this regard from the Sahel countries [5][6][7]. Our clinical impression was that there seems to be a link between certain seasons and a surge in the occurrence of Bell's palsy in South Africa with its high prevalence of HIV infection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 76%

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HIV infection, seasonality and younger age predicting incident Bell’s palsy among black South Africans

et al. 2020

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Background Although South Africa (SA) is facing a high prevalence of HIV infection, there is no literature from this region on a link between Bell’s palsy and HIV. The aim of this study was to identify the occurrence of Bell’s palsy in relation to demographics, seasons and HIV status among black South Africans. Methods This retrospective cohort was conducted among adult black patients, without Bell’s palsy in 2003, presenting to the neurology outpatients department at Dr. George Mukhari Academic hospital, Pretoria, South Africa, between 2004 (study baseline) and 2012 (end test). Gender, age, HIV status, and seasons were potential predictors of Bell’s palsy using Cox regression model and Kaplan Meier curves. Results From the baseline of 1487 patients, 20.9% (n = 311) experienced Bell’s palsy onset by the end of the study. In univariate analysis, male gender (RR = 2.1 95% CI 1.7–2.5; P < 0.0001), age less than 30 years (RR = 2.9 95% CI 2.4–3.6; P < 0.0001), HIV seropositivity (RR =2.9 95% CI 2.3–4.9; P < 0.0001). The highest incidence in winter (30.3% n = 136/450) vs. incidences during other seasons with Intermediate values during Summer (25.3% n = 136/450) and Autumn (20.7% n = 64/308) and the lowest incidence in Spring (23.7% n = 16/353) P < 0.0001) were predictors of Bell’s palsy. In multivariate analysis at adjusting for gender, the most significant and independent predictors of incident Bell’s palsy were HIV seropositivity (HR = 6.3 95% CI 4.8–8.3; P < 0.0001), winter (HR = 1.6 95% CI 1.2–2.1; P < 0.0001) vs. other seasons, and younger age < 30 years (HR = 7.1 95% CI 5.6–9.1; P < 0.0001) vs. older age groups. Conclusion Seasonality, younger age and HIV positivity are important and independent risk factors of Bell’s palsy. Education and awareness programs on the possible effects of HIV and seasons on the development of Bell’s palsy are necessary. This would lead to a better understanding and even a possible development of avoidance measures for this condition amongst young black South Africans.

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Section: Age and Bell's Palsysupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 76%

HIV infection, seasonality and younger age predicting incident Bell’s palsy among black South Africans

et al. 2020

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“…HIV should be considered in the investigation of any facial palsy, especially in endemic regions, because early treatment can reduce the morbidity associated with the disease 5,18 . In most cases, PFP in the setting of HIV is a self‐remitting condition, and there is no clinical difference between seropositive and seronegative patients 35 . Finally, bilateral PFP is a very rare entity and should always prompt investigation even in the case of apparently healthy patients.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolated Bilateral Facial Paralysis Revealing AIDS: A Unique Presentation

Abboud

Saliba

2008

The Laryngoscope

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HIV is a recognized etiologic agent in the development of peripheral facial paralysis (PFP). In most cases, the paralysis appears in the acute phase of the HIV infection, and its prognosis is similar to Bell's palsy. Other etiologic agents are generally involved in the development of the paralysis in the later stages of the disease. Bilateral facial palsy is a rare clinical entity in HIV infection. Only 19 cases have been reported. A case of facial diplegia revealing AIDS is described in this review. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of such an advanced state of the disease in a previously asymptomatic patient.

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“…The finding of facial nerve palsy has a reportedly high predictive value for HIV infection, at 50-100% (Di Costanzo et al, 1990;Balogou, Kpemissi, Nack-Nack, Anani, Agboli, Prince & Grunitzky, 1998;Casanova-Sotolongo & Casanova-Carrillo, 2001). It usually presents early in the course of HIV infection and, as displayed in this study group, is usually the first manifestation of HIV infection in affected subjects (Chilla, Booken & Rasche, 1987;Brown, Thompson, Goh, Forster & Swash, 1988;Murr & Benecke, 1991).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Neurological manifestations of HIV infection in Nigerians

Imam¹

2007

African Journal of AIDS Research

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Nervous system complications commonly accompany HIV infection and are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. HIV incidence has been progressively increasing in Nigeria, yet the neurological manifestations of the disease have not been systematically studied in Nigerians. This study aimed to describe the nature and frequency of neurological manifestations associated with HIV infection in a sample of 202 Nigerians. This was a prospective study of patients with documented HIV infection who attended a referral centre clinic in Abuja in 2003. A personal history, general and neurological examinations, and other relevant medical investigations were carried out for all subjects. A mini mental-state exam was carried out with those willing to cooperate. In all, 89 patients (44%) were diagnosed with at least one neurological disorder. Herpes zoster and cognitive impairment were the most frequent, each present in 12.3% of the study group. Peripheral neuropathy and facial palsy were also present, in 10.4% and 3.9% of subjects, respectively. Brain mass lesions, seizure disorder, cryptococcal meningitis, cord compression syndrome, and trigeminal neuralgia were also documented. There was no significant difference demographically between subjects with or without neurological impairment. Future studies in this area should utilise nerve conduction studies and more detailed testing of cognitive function to further characterise the neurological manifestations of HIV infection.

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Peripheral facial paralysis (PFP) and HIV infection in Togo

Abstract: Peripheral facial paralysis is frequently associated to HIV infection. An HIV test must be proposed to all patients with PFP in Africa.

Cited by 6 publications

References 1 publication

HIV infection, seasonality and younger age predicting incident Bell’s palsy among black South Africans

HIV infection, seasonality and younger age predicting incident Bell’s palsy among black South Africans

Isolated Bilateral Facial Paralysis Revealing AIDS: A Unique Presentation

Neurological manifestations of HIV infection in Nigerians

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