Peripheral large arteries and the response to antihypertensive treatment.

Me, Safar; Bouthier, J; Levenson, J; Simón, A

doi:10.1161/01.hyp.5.5_pt_2.iii63

Cited by 51 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…It may also explain the increased compliance of large arteries observed with vasodilators such as nitroglycerine, calcium antagonists, and converting enzyme inhibitors. 20 If some such mechanism is related to stiffness in large arteries, however, it is apparently not confined to hypertensive individuals, as the present study compared two groups matched for blood pressure within the normal range, many with no family history of hypertension.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Improved arterial distensibility in normotensive subjects on a low salt diet.

Avolio¹,

Clyde²,

Beard³

et al. 1986

Arteriosclerosis

249

123

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Arterial pulse wave velocity (PWV), a noninvasive index of arterial distensibility, was measured in 57 normotensive subjects who followed a voluntary low salt diet for a period ranging from 8 months to 5 years (mean, 24.8 months). Subjects who followed a regular diet were matched for age and mean arterial pressure with the low salt (LS) sample and were used as controls (C). For both samples, subjects were divided into three age groups: Group 1 (aged 2 to 19 years, n = 16), Group 2 (29 to 44 years, n = 26), and Group 3 (45 to 66 years, n = 15). There was a marked increase in aortic PWV with age in the control sample but not in the LS sample. There was no significant difference in aortic PWV for Group 1, but in Groups 2 and 3, the LS subjects showed a decrease of 21.8% and 22.7%, respectively, compared to C subjects. Aortic PWV (cm/sec) was: Group 1: C = 581 (SE 44), LS = 614 (SE 31); Group 2: C = 942 (SE 46); LS = 737 (SE 27) (p < 0.001); Group 3: C = 958 (SE 77), LS = 741 (SE 25) (p < 0.05)). Arm and leg PWV were also significantly lower in the older age groups. These findings suggest that normotensive adult subjects who follow a low salt diet (mean intake, 44 mmol Na/24 hours) have reduced arterial stiffness and that the effect is independent of blood pressure. This is prima facie evidence that reduced salt intake has a beneficial effect in improving distensibility of the central aorta and large peripheral arteries, which is independent of its antihypertensive action.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Improved arterial distensibility in normotensive subjects on a low salt diet.

Avolio¹,

Clyde²,

Beard³

et al. 1986

Arteriosclerosis

249

123

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…In both the hydrochlorothiazide and captopril plus hydrochlorothiazide groups, the decrease of systolic arterial blood pressure was greater than that of diastolic arterial blood pressure, and both treatments decreased pulse arterial blood pressure. Systolic arterial blood pressure depends upon ventricular ejection and aortic rigidity (Safar et al, 1983). Although we have no measurement of possible drug effects on ventricular hypertrophy, simple regression analysis revealed a significant correlation between pulse wave velocity and cardiac hypertrophy.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic antihypertensive treatment with captopril plus hydrochlorothiazide improves aortic distensibility in the spontaneously hypertensive rat

Chillon¹,

Capdeville-Atkinson²,

Lartaud³

et al. 1992

British J Pharmacology

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Adult male spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were given captopril plus hydrochlorothiazide mixed in the diet for 10 weeks. Calculated daily doses were 44 mg kg−1 per day for captopril, and 22 mg kg−1 per day for hydrochlorothiazide. Separate groups received captopril or hydrochlorothiazide alone, at similar doses, or no treatment. A final group of WKY normotensive rats received no drug. Systolic arterial blood pressure, measured at regular intervals throughout the 10 weeks' period was lowered but not normalized, in groups receiving either captopril plus hydrochlorothiazide, or captopril alone, but not in the group receiving hydrochlorothiazide alone. Following pentobarbitone anaesthesia, systolic arterial blood pressure, measured in the femoral artery, was found to be lower in all treated groups, but the greatest effect was observed in SHR previously treated with captopril plus hydrochlorothiazide. Aortic pulse wave velocity was also lower in treated SHR, and once again the greatest decrease was observed in the group previously treated with captopril plus hydrochlorothiazide. Following pithing, systolic arterial blood pressures were similar in all SHR groups. Aortic pulse wave velocity was lower in pithed rats previously treated with captopril and hydrochlorothiazide. In conclusion, antihypertensive treatment of SHR produces falls in blood pressure and pulse wave velocity, an indicator of aortic distensibility. Results in pithed rats suggest that treatment with the combination of captopril plus hydrochlorothiazide may increase aortic distensibility independently of blood pressure.

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“…Of the 18 patients recruited during the washout period, two were found to be placebo-responders after 4 weeks of follow-up. Thie 16 remaining hypertensive patients had a diastolic blood pressure equal to or more than 100 mg Hg just before beginning (TO) the active treatment period.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%