Peripheral nervous system toxicity biomarkers

Damodaran, Tirupapuliyur V.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-404630-6.00010-5

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“…Catecholamines (i.e., epinephrine, norepinephrine, dopamine) are hormones synthesised in the adrenal medulla that are released during a stress response [63]. In saliva, catecholamines have been documented to influence the growth of periodontal bacteria in vitro, having a growth stimulatory or inhibitory effect, depending on the bacterial species.…”

Section: Host–microbiome Interactions In Health: Intrinsic Host Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review: modulation of the oral microbiome by the host to promote ecological balance

2019

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The indivisible relationship between the human host and its oral microbiome has been shaped throughout the millennia, by facing various changes that have forced the adaptation of oral microorganisms to new environmental conditions. In this constant crosstalk between the human host and its microbiome, a bidirectional relationship has been established. The microorganisms provide the host with functions it cannot perform on its own and at the same time the host provides its microbes with a suitable environment for their growth and development. These host factors can positively affect the microbiome, promoting diversity and balance between different species, resulting in a state of symbiosis and absence of pathology. In contrast, other host factors can negatively influence the composition of the oral microbiome and drive the interaction towards a dysbiotic state, where the balance tilts towards a harmful relationship between the host and its microbiome. The aim of this review is to describe the role host factors play in cultivating and maintaining a healthy oral ecology and discuss mechanisms that can prevent its drift towards dysbiosis.

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Section: Host–microbiome Interactions In Health: Intrinsic Host Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review: modulation of the oral microbiome by the host to promote ecological balance

2019

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“…The pupillary light reflex (PLR) test examines instantaneous pupillary contraction in response to a light stimulus. It is a rapid and convenient method of detecting and evaluating autonomic nervous system abnormalities, such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and autism spectrum disorder [2][3][4]. The typical PLR encompasses three temporal components: the pre-stimulus, where no external illumination is applied to the pupil to establish its initial size; the stimulus step, where a colored light stimulus is applied during a short time period; and the post-stimulus period, where the post-illumination pupil response (PIPR) is captured [5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Pupillary Light Response through Low-Cost Pupillometry and Machine Learning Techniques

Gutiérrez-Hernández,

Gómez-Díaz,

Casillas-Rodríguez

et al. 2024

Eng

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This article employed pupillometry as a non-invasive technique to analyze pupillary light reflex (PLR) using LED flash stimuli. Particularly, for the experiments, only the red LED with a wavelength of 600 nm served as the light stimulation source. To stabilize the initial pupil size, a pre-stimulus (PRE) period of 3 s was implemented, followed by a 1 s stimulation period (ON) and a 4 s post-stimulus period (POST). Moreover, an experimental, low-cost pupillometer prototype was designed to capture pupillary images of 13 participants. The prototype consists of a 2-megapixel web camera and a lighting system comprising infrared and RGB LEDs for image capture in low-light conditions and stimulus induction, respectively. The study reveals several characteristic features for classifying the phenomenon, notably the mobility of Hjórth parameters, achieving classification percentages ranging from 97% to 99%, and offering novel insights into pattern recognition in pupillary activity. Moreover, the proposed device successfully captured the PLR from all the participants with zero reported incidents or health affectations.

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“…In honey bees and other organisms, specific patterns at the gene and gene transcript levels [12] serve as biomarkers [13] and are termed "molecular profiling". While each biomarker reflects the cumulative response of complex molecular interactions, it can be detected through correlation analysis using reporter genes for pathway analysis [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring Immune Modulation in Season Population: Identifying Effects and Markers Related to Apis mellifera ligustica Honey Bee Health

Frunze,

Kim,

Kim

et al. 2023

Biomolecules

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Honey bees play a significant role in ecology, producing biologically active substances used to promote human health. However, unlike humans, the molecular markers indicating honey bee health remain unknown. Unfortunately, numerous reports of honey bee collapse have been documented. To identify health markers, we analyzed ten defense system genes in Apis mellifera ligustica honey bees from winter (Owb) and spring (Fb for foragers and Nb for newly emerged) populations sampled in February and late April 2023, respectively. We focused on colonies free from SBV and DWV viruses. Molecular profiling revealed five molecular markers of honey bee health. Of these, two seasonal molecular markers—domeless and spz genes—were significantly downregulated in Owb compared to Nb and Fb honey bees. One task-related marker gene, apid-1, was identified as being downregulated in Owb and Nb compared to Fb honey bees. Two recommended general health markers, SOD and defensin-2, were upregulated in honey bees. These markers require further testing across various honey bee subspecies in different climatic regions. They can diagnose bee health without colony intervention, especially during low-temperature months like winter. Beekeepers can use this information to make timely adjustments to nutrients or heating to prevent seasonal losses.

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Peripheral nervous system toxicity biomarkers

Cited by 5 publications

References 84 publications

Review: modulation of the oral microbiome by the host to promote ecological balance

Review: modulation of the oral microbiome by the host to promote ecological balance

Characterization of Pupillary Light Response through Low-Cost Pupillometry and Machine Learning Techniques

Monitoring Immune Modulation in Season Population: Identifying Effects and Markers Related to Apis mellifera ligustica Honey Bee Health

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