Peripheral refraction and image blur in four meridians in emmetropes and myopes

Shen, Jie; Spors, Frank; Egan, Donald J.; Liu, Chunming

doi:10.2147/opth.s151288

Cited by 17 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…In the present study, no significant differences in astigmatism J 180 was observed at any of the peripheral visual fields. is is also consistent with the results of Shen et al's study where no significant difference in astigmatism J 180 was found between the low, moderate, and high myopic groups, even though increased negative J 180 toward the horizontal periphery was observed [29]. A significant difference in astigmatism J 45 between the atropine and the nonatropine group was found in moderate myopes at the very peripheral location of temporal 30 Figure 3: Comparisons of relative peripheral refractions between the atropine and nonatropine groups in low myopia.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…e low myopic atropine group showed significant difference in relative peripheral myopia at the angles of the 30 degrees temporal and the 30 degrees nasal fields, whereas the moderate myopic atropine group had significantly more relative peripheral myopia at 20°and 30°of the nasal field, but not for the temporal field. ese results suggested that the higher the degree of myopia, the greater the differences in peripheral refraction between the atropine and nonatropine groups were observed, and the asymmetric difference in relative peripheral myopia was found particularly in the nasal visual field in the moderate myopes [29,30].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

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Peripheral Refraction in Myopic Children with and without Atropine Usage

Sun

You

et al. 2020

Journal of Ophthalmology

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Purpose. To compare the patterns of relative peripheral refractions of myopic children who were currently on atropine treatment for myopia control and myopic children who did not use atropine. Methods. Chinese children (n = 209) aged 7 to 12 years participated in the study, 106 used atropine and 103 did not. Participants were also classified into three groups: emmetropes (SE: +0.50 to −0.50 D), low myopes (SE: −0.50 to −3.00 D), and moderate myopes (SE: −3.00 to −6.00 D). The central and peripheral refractions along the horizontal meridians (for both nasal and temporal fields) were measured in 10-degree steps to 30 degrees. Results. There were no statistically significant differences in spherical equivalent and astigmatism of the three refractive groups in either the nasal or temporal retina. The atropine group showed a significant relative myopia in the temporal 30° field in spherical equivalent compared to the emmetropic group (t49 = 3.36, P=0.02). In eyes with low myopia, the atropine group had significant relative myopia in the nasal 30° and temporal 30° fields (t118 = 2.59, P=0.01; t118 = 2.06, P=0.04), and it is also observed at 20° and 30° of the nasal field for the moderate myopic group (t36 = 2.37, P=0.02; t2.84 = 2.84, P=0.01). Conclusion. Significant differences in relative peripheral refraction were found between the atropine group and its controls. The findings suggested that the eyes that received atropine may have a less prolate shape and thus explain why using atropine is effective in controlling myopia progression.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Peripheral Refraction in Myopic Children with and without Atropine Usage

Sun

You

et al. 2020

Journal of Ophthalmology

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“…Peripheral ocular aberrations and their effect on retinal image quality were assessed using data from 16 articles, listed in Table . For three studies, marked with an asterisk, wavefront data for each individual subject were generously shared by the authors .…”

Section: Peripheral Ocular Aberrations Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Peripheral ocular aberrations and their effect on retinal image quality were assessed using data from 16 articles, listed in Table 1. [38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53] For three studies, marked with an asterisk, wavefront data for each individual subject were generously shared by the authors. 45,46,48 The full list of articles considered for this review is provided in Table S1.…”

Section: Peripheral Ocular Aberrations Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Peripheral refraction and higher order aberrations

Romashchenko

Rosén²,

Lundström

2020

Clinical and Experimental Optometry

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Peripheral image quality influences several aspects of human vision. Apart from off‐axis visual functions, the manipulation of peripheral optical errors is widely used in myopia control interventions. This, together with recent technological advancements enabling the measurement of peripheral errors, has inspired many studies concerning off‐axis optical aberrations. However, direct comparison between these studies is often not straightforward. To enable between‐study comparisons and to summarise the current state of knowledge, this review presents population data analysed using a consistent approach from 16 studies on peripheral ocular optical quality (in total over 2,400 eyes). The presented data include refractive errors and higher order monochromatic aberrations expressed as Zernike co‐efficients (reported in a subset of the studies) over the horizontal visual field. Additionally, modulation transfer functions, describing the monochromatic image quality, are calculated using individual wavefront data from three studies. The analysed data show that optical errors increase with increasing eccentricity as expected from theoretical modelling. Compared to emmetropes, myopes tend to have more hypermetropic relative peripheral refraction over the horizontal field and worse image quality in the near‐periphery of the nasal visual field. The modulation transfer functions depend considerably on pupil shape (for angles larger than 30°) and to some extent, the number of Zernike terms included. Moreover, modulation transfer functions calculated from the average Zernike co‐efficients of a cohort are artificially inflated compared to the average of individual modulation transfer functions from the same cohort. The data collated in this review are important for the design of ocular corrections and the development and assessment of optical eye models.

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“…However, the RPR investigations along vertical or oblique meridians were much fewer and hardly able to draw a consistent conclusion. 22 – 24 In addition, previous studies were usually restricted with only several measurement points on the meridians with at least 5° to 10° intervals, due to the limitation of measuring range and intensity achieved by available techniques, and, therefore, were difficult to provide a full picture of peripheral refraction profile. Recently, we adopted a tailor-made fast scanning peripheral wavefront sensor, 25 and successfully provided a high resolution 2-dimentional (2D) peripheral refraction profile in emmetropic children.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Two-Dimensional, High-Resolution Peripheral Refraction in Adults with Isomyopia and Anisomyopia

Wang

Lin

et al. 2020

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the two-dimensional peripheral refraction in fellow eyes of patients with isomyopia and anisomyopia. METHODS. Sixty-eight young adults were recruited, including 25 isomyopes with interocular differences (IODs) of foveal refraction < 1.00 D and 43 anisomyopes with IOD > 1.50 D. Peripheral refraction across an area of the visual field of 60°× 36°with a resolution of 1°was measured using a custom-made Hartmann-Shack wavefront sensor. The retinal area was divided into 3 × 3 zones for comparison between the fellow eyes. RESULTS. There was no difference of refraction in all corresponding zones between the fellow eyes in the isomyopic group (all P > 0.05). The IODs between more myopic (MM) eyes and less myopic (LM) eyes in the anisomyopic group ranged from −1.40 to approximately −2.46 D (all P <0.001), which was flagged in the center and attenuated in peripheral zones by varied magnitudes. In the stratification analysis for different levels of anisomyopia, the nasal retina first presented significant relative hyperopic shifts compared to the center, followed by the temporal retina. In contrast, the superior and inferior periphery only differed from the center when the central IOD was greater than 3.00 D. CONCLUSIONS. The two-dimensional peripheral refraction patterns showed a mirror symmetry between the fellow eyes of a patient with isomyopia. However, in the anisomyopic group, peripheral refraction showed significantly relative hyperopic shift when compared with the center and developed with a varied rate in different areas. These findings may indicate an asymmetrical variation in the peripheral refraction patterns during myopia progression.

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Peripheral refraction and image blur in four meridians in emmetropes and myopes

Cited by 17 publications

References 42 publications

Peripheral Refraction in Myopic Children with and without Atropine Usage

Peripheral Refraction in Myopic Children with and without Atropine Usage

Peripheral refraction and higher order aberrations

Two-Dimensional, High-Resolution Peripheral Refraction in Adults with Isomyopia and Anisomyopia

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