Periphyton density influences organochlorine accumulation in rivers

Berglund, Olof

doi:10.4319/lo.2003.48.6.2106

Cited by 22 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The retention increases with increasing periphyton density, which constitutes a large immobile surface area with which the POPs can associate, decreasing their downward transport and increasing the probability of uptake in biota. In lakes, an increase in primary producer biomass has been suggested to lower POP concentrations by biomass dilution (Taylor et al 1991), but no such effect was found in these rivers (Berglund 2003). When the effect of periphyton density was removed, the correlation between α and PCB in this study disappeared.…”

Section: Carbon Source and Pcb Concentrationscontrasting

confidence: 63%

“…The relative importance of these factors may vary, but nutrient limitation is of less importance in rivers of this nutrient concentration range (Chételat et al 1999). In the rivers in this study, we found no influence of nutrients, light, or stream velocity on periphyton biomass (Berglund 2003); however, we could not directly estimate the influence of grazing pressure in this study, as our sampling of invertebrates was not quantitative. POP concentrations in river biota have been shown to increase with increasing periphyton density (Berglund 2003).…”

Section: Carbon Source and Pcb Concentrationscontrasting

confidence: 58%

“…In the rivers in this study, we found no influence of nutrients, light, or stream velocity on periphyton biomass (Berglund 2003); however, we could not directly estimate the influence of grazing pressure in this study, as our sampling of invertebrates was not quantitative. POP concentrations in river biota have been shown to increase with increasing periphyton density (Berglund 2003). An increased periphyton density in the river will increase retention of POPs and increase the probability of uptake in biota, as predicted by the spiraling theory (Newbold et al 1983;Stewart et al 1993).…”

Section: Carbon Source and Pcb Concentrationscontrasting

confidence: 58%

“…However, α was positively correlated with the periphyton density in the rivers (Fig. 1), which has earlier been shown to predict the organochlorine uptake in rivers (Berglund 2003). We removed the effect of periphyton density by performing simple regression analysis between periphyton density and PCB concentrations (simple regressions, r 2 = 0.40-0.58, df = 8, p = 0.02 -0.07) and performed new regression analyses on α and the residuals from the former regressions.…”

Section: Carbon Sourcementioning

confidence: 55%

“…We did not find relationships between lipid content and PCB concentrations within each compartment of the food webs. However, several biotic and abiotic factors differing between the river sites may affect the PCB concentrations in both water and organisms and therefore confound the lipid-PCB relationships (Berglund 2003), even though the input of PCBs to the river watersheds should be similar, as atmospheric deposition is similar over the region (Backe et al 2000). Lipid content is one of the most important factors in explaining uptake of lipophilic POPs like PCBs in aquatic organisms, and lipid weight based concentrations are used when comparing accumulation in different organisms or systems, as the relative difference among lipid weight based concentrations is a good approximation of the relative differences in fugacity (Kucklick and Baker 1998;Mackay and Fraser 2000).…”

Section: Pcb Concentrations and Food Chain Bioaccumulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Persistent organic pollutants in river food webs: influence of trophic position and degree of heterotrophy

Berglund

Nyström

Larsson³

2005

Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.

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Abstract:We investigated how the degree of autotrophy/heterotrophy and organism trophic position influenced the bioaccumulation of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in 10 benthic river food webs consisting of terrestrial detritus, periphyton, invertebrates, and age-0 brown trout (Salmo trutta) in southern Sweden. Concentrations of PCBs increased with trophic position, estimated from δ 15 N and δ 13 C, on a dry weight basis (ng·g -1 dry weight) but not on a lipid weight basis (ng·g -1 lipid). PCB biomagnification factors between the first and second trophic levels (invertebrates/ periphyton and invertebrates/detritus) ranged between 0.3 and 2.3 and between the second and third levels (trout/invertebrates) between 0.3 and 2.0 on a lipid weight basis. The mean proportion of carbon ultimately derived from terrestrial sources, α, was 0.82 ± 0.19 for invertebrates and 0.67 ± 0.28 for trout. Contrary to our hypothesis, PCB concentrations in trout were positively related to α (r 2 = 0.58-0.77, p < 0.05). As α and the periphyton density (g Cqm -2 ) in the rivers was positively related (r 2 = 0.88, p < 0.01), we propose that this relationship was due to an increased retention and exposure of PCBs to trout in rivers with low grazing pressure and high periphyton density.

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Section: Carbon Source and Pcb Concentrationscontrasting

confidence: 63%

Section: Carbon Source and Pcb Concentrationscontrasting

confidence: 58%

Section: Carbon Source and Pcb Concentrationscontrasting

confidence: 58%

Section: Carbon Sourcementioning

confidence: 55%

Section: Pcb Concentrations and Food Chain Bioaccumulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Persistent organic pollutants in river food webs: influence of trophic position and degree of heterotrophy

Berglund

Nyström

Larsson³

2005

Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.

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Engineered nanoparticles interact with nutrients to intensify eutrophication in a wetland ecosystem experiment

Simonin

Colman

Anderson

et al. 2018

Ecological Applications

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Despite the rapid rise in diversity and quantities of engineered nanomaterials produced, the impacts of these emerging contaminants on the structure and function of ecosystems have received little attention from ecologists. Moreover, little is known about how manufactured nanomaterials may interact with nutrient pollution in altering ecosystem productivity, despite the recognition that eutrophication is the primary water quality issue in freshwater ecosystems worldwide. In this study, we asked two main questions: (1) To what extent do manufactured nanoparticles affect the biomass and productivity of primary producers in wetland ecosystems? (2) How are these impacts mediated by nutrient pollution? To address these questions, we examined the impacts of a citrate-coated gold nanoparticle (AuNPs) and of a commercial pesticide containing Cu(OH) nanoparticles (CuNPs) on aquatic primary producers under both ambient and enriched nutrient conditions. Wetland mesocosms were exposed repeatedly with low concentrations of nanoparticles and nutrients over the course of a 9-month experiment in an effort to replicate realistic field exposure scenarios. In the absence of nutrient enrichment, there were no persistent effects of AuNPs or CuNPs on primary producers or ecosystem productivity. However, when combined with nutrient enrichment, both NPs intensified eutrophication. When either of these NPs were added in combination with nutrients, algal blooms persisted for >50 d longer than in the nutrient-only treatment. In the AuNP treatment, this shift from clear waters to turbid waters led to large declines in both macrophyte growth and rates of ecosystem gross primary productivity (average reduction of 52% ± 6% and 92% ± 5%, respectively) during the summer. Our results suggest that nutrient status greatly influences the ecosystem-scale impact of two emerging contaminants and that synthetic chemicals may be playing an under-appreciated role in the global trends of increasing eutrophication. We provide evidence here that chronic exposure to Au and Cu(OH) nanoparticles at low concentrations can intensify eutrophication of wetlands and promote the occurrence of algal blooms.

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Trophic magnification factors: Considerations of ecology, ecosystems, and study design

Borgå

Kidd

Muir

et al. 2011

Integr Envir Assess & Manag

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411

457

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Recent reviews by researchers from academia, industry, and government have revealed that the criteria used by the Stockholm Convention on persistent organic pollutants under the United Nations Environment Programme are not always able to identify the actual bioaccumulative capacity of some substances, by use of chemical properties such as the octanol-water partitioning coefficient. Trophic magnification factors (TMFs) were suggested as a more reliable tool for bioaccumulation assessment of chemicals that have been in commerce long enough to be quantitatively measured in environmental samples. TMFs are increasingly used to quantify biomagnification and represent the average diet-to-consumer transfer of a chemical through food webs. They differ from biomagnification factors, which apply to individual species and can be highly variable between predator-prey combinations. The TMF is calculated from the slope of a regression between the chemical concentration and trophic level of organisms in the food web. The trophic level can be determined from stable N isotope ratios (δ(15) N). In this article, we give the background for the development of TMFs, identify and discuss impacts of ecosystem and ecological variables on their values, and discuss challenges and uncertainties associated with contaminant measurements and the use of δ(15) N for trophic level estimations. Recommendations are provided for experimental design, data treatment, and statistical analyses, including advice for users on reporting and interpreting TMF data. Interspecies intrinsic ecological and organismal properties such as thermoregulation, reproductive status, migration, and age, particularly among species at higher trophic levels with high contaminant concentrations, can influence the TMF (i.e., regression slope). Following recommendations herein for study design, empirical TMFs are likely to be useful for understanding the food web biomagnification potential of chemicals, where the target is to definitively identify if chemicals biomagnify (i.e., TMF > or < 1). TMFs may be less useful in species- and site-specific risk assessments, where the goal is to predict absolute contaminant concentrations in organisms in relation to threshold levels.

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Periphyton density influences organochlorine accumulation in rivers

Cited by 22 publications

References 31 publications

Persistent organic pollutants in river food webs: influence of trophic position and degree of heterotrophy

Persistent organic pollutants in river food webs: influence of trophic position and degree of heterotrophy

Engineered nanoparticles interact with nutrients to intensify eutrophication in a wetland ecosystem experiment

Trophic magnification factors: Considerations of ecology, ecosystems, and study design

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