Peristalsis and propulsion of colonic content can occur after blockade of major neuroneuronal and neuromuscular transmitters in isolated guinea pig colon

Sia, TC; Brookes, Simon Jonathan; Dinning, Phil G.; Wattchow, David; Spencer, Nick J.

doi:10.1152/ajpgi.00257.2013

Cited by 11 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…50 The same group recently reported that propagation velocities are significantly reduced, but not abolished, in the presence of hexamethonium. 51 These suggest that nicotinic receptors are partially involved in the regulation of peristalsis of the guinea pig distal colon. It seems that the contribution of nicotinic receptors to colonic peristalsis might depend upon experimental procedures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…29,36,49 In contrast, others demonstrated that nicotinic receptors are not essential in mediating peristalsis of the guinea pig distal colon. 50,51 They showed that hexamethonium temporarily arrested peristalsis and fecal pellet propulsion. However, if time was allowed for the pellet to remain in the oral end of the colon, the pellet gradually propelled anally, until finally being expelled.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Autonomic Nerve Regulation of Colonic Peristalsis in Guinea Pigs

Gribovskaja‐Rupp¹,

Babygirija²,

Takahashi³

et al. 2014

J Neurogastroenterol Motil

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Background/AimsColonic peristalsis is mainly regulated via intrinsic neurons in guinea pigs. However, autonomic regulation of colonic motility is poorly understood. We explored a guinea pig model for the study of extrinsic nerve effects on the distal colon. MethodsGuinea pigs were sacrificed, their distal colons isolated, preserving pelvic nerves (PN) and inferior mesenteric ganglia (IMG), and placed in a tissue bath. Fecal pellet propagation was conducted during PN and IMG stimulation at 10 Hz, 0.5 ms and 5 V. Distal colon was connected to a closed circuit system, and colonic motor responses were measured during PN and IMG stimulation. ResultsPN stimulation increased pellet velocity to 24.6 ± 0.7 mm/sec (n = 20), while IMG stimulation decreased it to 2.0 ± 0.2 mm/sec (n = 12), compared to controls (13.0 ± 0.7 mm/sec, P ＜ 0.01). In closed circuit experiments, PN stimulation increased the intraluminal pressure, which was abolished by atropine (10 −6 M) and hexamethonium (10 −4 M). PN stimulation reduced the incidence of non-coordinated contractions induced by NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME; 10 −4 M). IMG stimulation attenuated intraluminal pressure increase, which was partially reversed by alpha-2 adrenoceptor antagonist (yohimbine; 10 −6 M). Conclusions

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autonomic Nerve Regulation of Colonic Peristalsis in Guinea Pigs

Gribovskaja‐Rupp¹,

Babygirija²,

Takahashi³

et al. 2014

J Neurogastroenterol Motil

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“…Video recording and spatiotemporal mapping of intestinal and colonic segments have been applied to a variety of species including zebrafish 26 , mouse 25,[27][28][29][30] , rat 7,9,[30][31][32][33] , guinea pig 5,6,8,[13][14][15][16][17][18][19]24,30,32,34,35 , brushtail possum 12,36 , rabbit 2,30,37,38 , chicken 39 , pig 40,41 and human 42 . The most widely studied species is the guinea pig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The construction of STmaps and analysis of changes in motility pattern have been applied to key questions in the gastrointestinal motility of intestine and colon. These include: differentiation of neurogenic and myogenic contractions and defining the role of interstitial cells of Cajal 6,9,11,12,16,24,26,27,[29][30][31]33,[37][38][39][40]42 , understanding the complex interactions between the circular and longitudinal muscle layers 2,7,8,11,12,32,39,40 , examining the effects of intraluminal nutrients 10,18,19 , microbial strains 34 , and viscosities 12,36 on various motility patterns, and understanding the role of various endogenous neurohormonal agents and exogenous pharmacological agents 2,[4][5][6][7]9,10,[13][14][15][16][17]28,35,40 in the generation and modification of motility...…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While many groups have generated their own software packages or plugins, they all analyze diameters of a tissue segment and convert those various diameters to grayscale representation. A commercially available recording and analysis system called the GastroIntestinal Motility Monitoring system (GIMM) provides a turnkey approach that allows for analysis of both propulsive motility via fecal pellet velocity determination in the guinea pig distal colon 13 as well as analysis of propulsive and mixing motility patterns with a fluid stimulus in intact intestinal segments 4,5,[14][15][16][17][18][19] 4. General Experimental Procedures 1.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spatiotemporal Mapping of Motility in <em>Ex Vivo</em> Preparations of the Intestines

Kendig

Hurst

Grider

2016

JoVE

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Multiple approaches have been used to record and evaluate gastrointestinal motility including: recording changes in muscle tension, intraluminal pressure, and membrane potential. All of these approaches depend on measurement of activity at one or multiple locations along the gut simultaneously which are then interpreted to provide a sense of overall motility patterns. Recently, the development of video recording and spatiotemporal mapping (STmap) techniques have made it possible to observe and analyze complex patterns in ex vivo whole segments of colon and intestine. Once recorded and digitized, video records can be converted to STmaps in which the luminal diameter is converted to grayscale or color [called diameter maps (Dmaps)]. STmaps can provide data on motility direction (i.e., stationary, peristaltic, antiperistaltic), velocity, duration, frequency and strength of contractile motility patterns. Advantages of this approach include: analysis of interaction or simultaneous development of different motility patterns in different regions of the same segment, visualization of motility pattern changes over time, and analysis of how activity in one region influences activity in another region. Video recordings can be replayed with different timescales and analysis parameters so that separate STmaps and motility patterns can be analyzed in more detail. This protocol specifically details the effects of intraluminal fluid distension and intraluminal stimuli that affect motility generation. The use of luminal receptor agonists and antagonists provides mechanistic information on how specific patterns are initiated and how one pattern can be converted into another pattern. The technique is limited by the ability to only measure motility that causes changes in luminal diameter, without providing data on intraluminal pressure changes or muscle tension, and by the generation of artifacts based upon experimental setup; although, analysis methods can account for these issues. When compared to previous techniques the video recording and STmap approach provides a more comprehensive understanding of gastrointestinal motility. Video LinkThe video component of this article can be found at

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Interferential Current Stimulation Enhances Rectal Motor Activity: Insights from an Isolated Perfused Porcine Model

Martel,

Boettcher,

Klinke Petrowsky

et al. 2024

Eur J Pediatr Surg

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Introduction: Interferential Current (IFC) has been studied in several clinical trials for the treatment of bowel motility disorders, most often in children. However, only moderate effects are reported and in contrast to IFC, the so-called placebo application is indiscernible. The mechanisms and neuroanatomic points of action remain elusive. Therefore, this therapy remains being questioned. Methods: To gain objective experimental data about IFC stimulation, we examined this method ex-vivo in an isolated perfused porcine rectum including the mesorectum. To elucidate the role of plexus nerve fibers and enteric ganglia, we performed IFC stimulation also in the presence of tetrodotoxin or hexamethonium. We applied the commonly used stimulation modes with a beat frequency sweeping between 5-25Hz (IFCd5-25) and 80-150Hz (IFCd80-150). We monitored intraluminal pressure and motility by online barometry and video recording, respectively. Motor activity, reflected by changes in the intraluminal pressure (cmH2O s-1) and longitudinal movements (pixels s-1), was quantified over time as Root Mean Squares (RMS). Results: After IFCd5-25 we observed a 30% increase of the rectal motility in the pressure changes which was sustained over 30 minutes post stimulation (p<0.02); only a minor effect was detected for IFCd80-150. Both tetrodotoxin and hexamethonium abolished the stimulation. This suggests neuronal modulation. Conclusion: IFCd5-25 stimulates rectal motor activity in the isolated perfused porcine rectum. Ganglia in the enteric nervous system are modulated to allow increased activity throughout at least 30min. Therefore, the isolated porcine rectum is a suitable tool to study the effectiveness of various IFC settings in the rectum.

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Peristalsis and propulsion of colonic content can occur after blockade of major neuroneuronal and neuromuscular transmitters in isolated guinea pig colon

Cited by 11 publications

References 40 publications

Autonomic Nerve Regulation of Colonic Peristalsis in Guinea Pigs

Autonomic Nerve Regulation of Colonic Peristalsis in Guinea Pigs

Spatiotemporal Mapping of Motility in <em>Ex Vivo</em> Preparations of the Intestines

Interferential Current Stimulation Enhances Rectal Motor Activity: Insights from an Isolated Perfused Porcine Model

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