Perivascular adipose tissue as a cause of atherosclerosis

Verhagen, Sandra N.; Visseren, Frank L.J.

doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2010.05.034

Cited by 226 publications

(199 citation statements)

References 78 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

188

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…An increase of the quantity of EAT is associated with incident CAD and with major adverse cardiac events (33). Associations are independent from body mass index and other traditional risk factors.…”

Section: Atherosclerosismentioning

confidence: 82%

Epicardial adipose tissue: a review of physiology, pathophysiology, and clinical applications

Şengül¹,

Özveren²

2013

Anadolu Kardiyol Derg

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Visceral fat tissue is an important predictor of cardio-metabolic diseases, carrying more risk than general fat accumulation. Epicardial fat, a particular form of visceral fat deposited around the heart, is considered an important cardiovascular risk predictor, in view of producing and releasing several adipo-cytokines. There is growing evidence about the physiological and metabolic importance of epicardial fat. Epicardial fat thickness and volume have both strong correlation between obesity, impaired fasting glucose, insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and atherosclerosis. Epicardial fat can be assessed by transthoracic echocardiography, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, and computed tomography. In this article, we reviewed the anatomy, physiology, function, and the methods of assessment of epicardial fat tissue. We also have tried to discuss its relationship to metabolic syndrome and coronary atherosclerosis in the lights of recent findings. (

show abstract

Section: Atherosclerosismentioning

confidence: 82%

Epicardial adipose tissue: a review of physiology, pathophysiology, and clinical applications

Şengül¹,

Özveren²

2013

Anadolu Kardiyol Derg

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…As has been demonstrated in a recent study, epicardial fat strongly influences both the formation and the advance of coronary artery disease (CAD) 7 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Echocardiographic Epicardial Fat Thickness Measurement and Cardiovascular Risk Assessment in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Keleş¹,

Aksu²,

Açıksarı³

et al. 2016

MMJ

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…1,2 Pericardial fat is deposited around the heart at two locations, as epicardial and paracardial adipose tissue separated from each other by the parietal pericardium. Paracardial adipose tissue originates from the primitive thoracic mesenchyme and is supplied by the pericardiophrenic artery, a branch of the internal thoracic artery.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1,2 EAT is metabolically active visceral fat, and the quantity of EAT is correlated with the metabolic syndrome (a waist circumference, hypertriglyceridemia, and hyperglycemia), cardio-metabolic risk factors, and coronary atherosclerosis. 2 EAT is distributed asymmetrically around the heart, and the fat is deposited mainly at the atrioventricular and interventricular grooves, around the major coronary arteries and free wall of the right ventricle, and the apex of the left ventricle. EAT can be measured by magnetic resonance imaging or echocardiography, but recently computed tomography (CT) has emerged as a robust, 3-dimensional, high-resolution imaging technique that reliably identifies EAT.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been shown that these cytokines and adipokines are expressed and secreted at a higher level in the adipose tissue of patients with CAD than in patients without CAD. 2 Indirect evidence for the atherogenic role of EAT is given by the fact that the absence of peri-vascular coronary fat, as occurs in coronary segments with myocardial bridges or segments with intramyocardial course, is associated with the absence of coronary atherosclerosis. Furthermore, preliminary studies have reported that EAT is associated with incident coronary heart disease, independent of BMI and cardiac risk factors, and the occurrence of adverse coronary events, suggesting that EAT is one of the factors contributing to coronary atherosclerosis.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Epicardial Adipose Tissue: An Emerging Role for the Development of Coronary Atherosclerosis

Feyter

2011

Clinical Cardiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

There is a growing body of evidence that epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) plays an enhancing role in the development of coronary atherosclerosis. 1,2 Pericardial fat is deposited around the heart at two locations, as epicardial and paracardial adipose tissue separated from each other by the parietal pericardium. Paracardial adipose tissue originates from the primitive thoracic mesenchyme and is supplied by the pericardiophrenic artery, a branch of the internal thoracic artery. EAT is defined as adipose tissue situated within the pericardium. EAT originates from the splanchnopleuric mesoderm (such as the mesenteric and omental fat deposits), and the vascular supply is from coronary arteries. Conceptually, EAT is more interesting than paracardial adipose tissue because of the close anatomic relationship between EAT and the myocardium. EAT also includes pericoronary fat situated around the coronary arteries, which may even be more appealing due to its very close proximity to the coronary arteries, suggesting a role for the development of coronary atherosclerosis. So far there is no general consensus as to which of these fat deposits should be studied, but most reports are about EAT, and few also report about the peri-coronary fat deposits. 1,2 EAT is metabolically active visceral fat, and the quantity of EAT is correlated with the metabolic syndrome (a waist circumference, hypertriglyceridemia, and hyperglycemia), cardio-metabolic risk factors, and coronary atherosclerosis. 2 EAT is distributed asymmetrically around the heart, and the fat is deposited mainly at the atrioventricular and interventricular grooves, around the major coronary arteries and free wall of the right ventricle, and the apex of the left ventricle. EAT can be measured by magnetic resonance imaging or echocardiography, but recently computed tomography (CT) has emerged as a robust, 3-dimensional, high-resolution imaging technique that reliably identifies EAT. CT allows quantification of EAT by manually tracing the pericardium on cross-sectional CT images. Within the traced region, the adipose tissue is identified by voxels that have a range of −190 to −30 HU. Automated computer-assisted methods allow quantification of epicardial fat tissue measurements.The measurements are presented as regional fat thickness (mm), as cross-sectional area (cm 2 ), and as a volume (cm 3 ). EAT volume is reported as ranging from 68 toThe author has no funding, financial relationships, or conflicts of interest to disclose. 124 cm 3 . The volume of EAT accounts for approximately 15% to 20% of the total cardiac volume and covers approximately 80% of the total cardiac surface. EAT accounts for roughly 1% of the total body fat mass. EAT volume is higher in patients with a high body mass index (BMI) than in patients with a low BMI. The mean EAT thickness measured at several sites, including the free right ventricular wall, left ventricular anterior wall, and grooves was 5.3 ± 1.6 mm. 1 The measurement of regional fat thickness around the coronary arteries is useful because ...

show abstract

Perivascular adipose tissue as a cause of atherosclerosis

Cited by 226 publications

References 78 publications

Epicardial adipose tissue: a review of physiology, pathophysiology, and clinical applications

Epicardial adipose tissue: a review of physiology, pathophysiology, and clinical applications

Echocardiographic Epicardial Fat Thickness Measurement and Cardiovascular Risk Assessment in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Epicardial Adipose Tissue: An Emerging Role for the Development of Coronary Atherosclerosis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About