Perivascular adipose tissue promotes vasoconstriction: the role of superoxide anion

Gao, Yujing; Takemori, Kumiko; Su, Li-Ying; An, Wen-Sheng; Lü, Chao; Sharma, Arya M.; Lee, Robert M.K.W.

doi:10.1016/j.cardiores.2006.03.013

Cited by 209 publications

(193 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…3). These findings imply that the adventitia layer affects the contraction of media layer in epicardial coronary arteries in response to high K ϩ , which is consistent with previous experimental measurements in other vessels (5,6,26). The differences in the magnitude of active stress between circumferential and axial directions may be related to the microstructural properties of the intima-media and adventitia layers.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Two-layer model of coronary artery vasoactivity

Huo

Zhao

Cheng

et al. 2013

Journal of Applied Physiology

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GS. Two-layer model of coronary artery vasoactivity. J Appl Physiol 114: 1451-1459, 2013. First published March 7, 2013 doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.01237.2012.-Since vascular tone is regulated by smooth muscle cells in the media layer, a multilayer mechanical model is required for blood vessels. Here, we performed biaxial mechanical tests in the intima-media layer of right coronary artery to determine the passive and active properties in conjunction with the passive properties of adventitia for a full vessel wall model. A two-layer (intima-media and adventitia) model was developed to determine the transmural stress and stretch across the vessel wall. The mean Ϯ SE values of the outer diameters of intima-media layers at transmural pressure of 60 mmHg in active state were 3.17 Ϯ 0.16 and 3.07 Ϯ 0.18 mm at axial stretch ratio of 1.2 and 1.3, respectively, which were significantly smaller than those in passive state (i.e., 3.62 Ϯ 0.19 and 3.49 Ϯ 0.22 mm, respectively, P Ͻ 0.05). The inner and outer diameters in no-load state of intima-media layers were 1.17 Ϯ 0.09 and 2.08 Ϯ 0.09 mm, respectively. The opening angles in zero-stress state had values of 159 Ϯ 21°for intima-media layers and 98 Ϯ 15°for adventitia layers, which suggests a residual strain between the two layers. There were slightly decreased active circumferential stresses (Ͻ10%), but significantly decreased active axial stresses (Ͼ25%) in the intima-media layer compared with those in the intact vessel. This suggests that the adventitia layer affects vascular contraction. The two-layer analysis showed that the intima-media layer bears the majority of circumferential tensions, in contrast to the adventitia layer, while contraction results in decreased stress and stretch in both layers.contraction; constitutive stress-strain relation; vessel mechanics THE EPICARDIAL CORONARY ARTERY wall is composed of intima, media, and adventitia layers, while smooth muscle cells (SMC) mainly reside in the media layer. Since dysfunction in vasoactivity is present in coronary artery disease (15, 30), the assessment of active and passive properties of coronary arteries provides essential diagnostics in subjects at risk (1,4,9,22,24). In passive state, our laboratory has previously treated the vessel wall as a two-layered structure, consisting of intimamedia layer (endothelial cells and SMC, as well as elastin and collagen) and adventitia layer (collagen, fibroblasts, and elastin) and carried out extensive experiments for determination of passive mechanical properties of the two layers (17,20,27). More recently, our laboratory determined the biaxial (circumferential and axial) active properties of intact right coronary arteries (RCA) under K ϩ -induced SMC contraction (10). The mechanical properties of the isolated intima-media layer are not available to determine the active and passive contributions of the various layers of the vessel wall.The objective of the study is to determine the biaxial (circumferential and axial) active properties in the intimamedia layer and to comput...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Two-layer model of coronary artery vasoactivity

Huo

Zhao

Cheng

et al. 2013

Journal of Applied Physiology

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“…Under our experimental conditions, this procontractile potency implicated O2·-generated by xanthine oxidase. This observation confirms and extends the findings by Gao, et al [23] who showed that, in response to peripheral nerve activation by electrical field stimulation, PVAT enhances arterial contractility through the production of O2·-mediated by NADPH oxidase. In this context our findings clearly demonstrate that in HFD rats the procontractile activity of PVAT decreased.…”

Section: Hfd Reduces Pvat Procontractile Activitysupporting

confidence: 92%

Long Term High-Fat Diet-Induced Modification of Vascular Wall and Perivascular Adipose Tissue-Mediated Oxidative Stress: Consequences for Endothelium-Independent Vascular Function in Rats

Sánchez¹

2017

Int J Clin Cardiol

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“…Adventitial fibroblasts possess Nox2 and Nox4 and perivascular adipose tissue expresses Nox4. 102,103 Nox regulation Regulation of Noxes is complex and involves many NADPH oxidase subunits and multiple signaling pathways. All Noxes, except Nox5, seem to have an obligatory need for p22phox.…”

Section: Vascular Generation Of Rosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reactive oxygen species and vascular biology: implications in human hypertension

2010

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Increased vascular production of reactive oxygen species (ROS; termed oxidative stress) has been implicated in various chronic diseases, including hypertension. Oxidative stress is both a cause and a consequence of hypertension. Although oxidative injury may not be the sole etiology, it amplifies blood pressure elevation in the presence of other pro-hypertensive factors. Oxidative stress is a multisystem phenomenon in hypertension and involves the heart, kidneys, nervous system, vessels and possibly the immune system. Compelling experimental and clinical evidence indicates the importance of the vasculature in the pathophysiology of hypertension and as such much emphasis has been placed on the (patho)biology of ROS in the vascular system. A major source for cardiovascular, renal and neural ROS is a family of non-phagocytic nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidases (Nox), including the prototypic Nox2 homolog-based NADPH oxidase, as well as other Noxes, such as Nox1 and Nox4. Nox-derived ROS is important in regulating endothelial function and vascular tone. Oxidative stress is implicated in endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, hypertrophy, apoptosis, migration, fibrosis, angiogenesis and rarefaction, important processes involved in vascular remodeling in hypertension. Despite a plethora of data implicating oxidative stress as a causative factor in experimental hypertension, findings in human hypertension are less conclusive. This review highlights the importance of ROS in vascular biology and focuses on the potential role of oxidative stress in human hypertension.

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Perivascular adipose tissue promotes vasoconstriction: the role of superoxide anion

Abstract: These results show that PVAT enhances the arterial contractile response to perivascular nerve stimulation through the production of superoxide mediated by NAD(P)H oxidase, and that this enhancement involves activation of tyrosine kinase and MAPK/ERK pathway.

Cited by 209 publications

References 47 publications

Two-layer model of coronary artery vasoactivity

Two-layer model of coronary artery vasoactivity

Long Term High-Fat Diet-Induced Modification of Vascular Wall and Perivascular Adipose Tissue-Mediated Oxidative Stress: Consequences for Endothelium-Independent Vascular Function in Rats

Reactive oxygen species and vascular biology: implications in human hypertension

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