Permaculture Zone Planning Using the Triangular Method

Abstract

Permaculture is a multifaceted, integrated, and ecologically harmonious method of designing human centered landscapes. One of the key elements in planning permaculture systems is zone planning. In this method, the locations of system elements are determined by two factors: (1) the number of times a human wants to visit a plant, animal, or structure, which corresponds to using the element; (2) the number of times a plant, animal, or structure should be visited by a human, which corresponds to servicing the element. These criteria for zone planning are fundamentally the same as the ones used for production system planning. In permaculture system planning, the criterion is related to interactions between humans and environmental elements, while in production systems, it is related to the number of interactions between system elements, such as machines or structure objects. The goal of planning in production systems is also the same as in permaculture, i.e., the determination of the most favorable spatial arrangement of the system elements. The goal of this study is to present a possible application of one of the production planning optimization methods for permaculture, i.e., zone planning. The optimization method-the Bloch-Schmigalla triangular method is based on the material flow according to the minimum transport distance criterion. PROJEKTIRANJE ZONA PERMAKULTURE METODOM TROKUTASažetak: Permakultura je višeslojna, integralna i ekološki skladna metoda oblikovanja krajolika, kojoj je u središtu čovjek. Jedan od ključnih elemenata u projektiranju permakulturnih sustava jest određivanje zona. Određivanje zona je metoda kojom se određuje lokacija elemenata sustava na temelju dvaju kriterija: (1) koliko puta čovjek treba posjetiti neku biljku, životinju ili građevinu, što se smatra korištenjem elemenata;(2) koliko puta biljka, životinja ili građevina treba biti posjećena od strane čovjeka, što se smatra održavanjem elemenata. Kriteriji određivanja zona su fundamentalno jednaki kriterijima korištenim u projektiranju proizvodnih sustava. U projektiranju permakulturnih sustava kriterij je povezan s interakcijom između čovjeka i elemenata sustava, dok je pri projektiranju proizvodnih sustava kriterij broj interakcija između različitih elemenata proizvodnog sustava, kao što su strojevi ili građevinski objekti. Projektiranje proizvodnih sustava ima isti cilj kao i prermakulturno projektiranje, a to je određivanje najpovoljnijeg prostornog rasporeda elemenata sustava. Svrha ovoga rada je prikazati mogućnost primjene jedne od optimizacijskih metoda projektiranja proizvodnih sustava u permakulturi za određivanje permakulturnih zona. Metoda optimizacije -Bloch-Schmigalla metoda trokuta, zasniva se na toku materijala prema kriteriju minimalne transportne udaljenosti.

Fighting the hunger games through permaculture: a scoping review to inform urban planning

“…Sub-theme : permaculture for landscape design Flores and Buot (2021) have explored the structural characteristics and components of permaculture landscapes in the Philippines. They identified six zones (in line with Babac and Belic, 2018 study in 2018 which is discussed in Section 3.4) that are common across 12 permaculture sites. These zones provide a framework for designing more productive and diverse agricultural landscapes in terms of permaculture.…”

“…Existing permaculture literature is mainly focused on rural contexts in response to food provision, system regeneration, and/or addressing social issues. Limited recent examples in which permaculture has been researched in urban contexts include a study by Babac and Belic (2018) in the Balkan region, which focused on how agroecological practices, biodiversity conservation, soil health and supporting communities can contribute to more efficient systems, and a study by Salleh et al (2018), which reviewed the literature on permaculture and its principles to analyse how these principles Complex systems are systems that have continually changing components with strong interactions between various elements inand around the system and their dependability on each other (Bak, ).…”

“…With the aforementioned also being the fundamental dimensions of sustainable urban systems, a body of literature was selected that represents the main researched approaches within permaculture research to obtain possible lessons that can inform urban planning. Regrettably, nearly all the permaculture literature has been conducted in rural contexts and with only limited reference to urban contexts (see Babac and Belic, 2018;Salleh et al, 2018;Shaojie et al, 2019;Fiebrig et al, 2020). As urban systems are made up of social, environmental, and economic dimensions, it is deemed appropriate to review the permaculture literature accordingly.…”

Application of the Bloch-Schmigalla Method to Optimize the Organization of the Process of Repairing Unmanned Ground Vehicles

“…The Schmigalla triangles method is an approximate, stepwise method with unlimited choice of location on the nodes of a regular triangle grid. It is designed for spatial location of repair stations in such a way, so that the points between which there is the highest flow of a given material are so close to each other as possible [1,3,9,14]. These points are placed on the triangle grid, which makes it possible to develop an optimal allocation of even a large number of such points.…”

The structure of permaculture landscapes in the Philippines

“…Figure 3 shows that the permaculture farms in the sites were designed into six zones (Babac 2018) which were named based on the most dominant or most common components. The zones are Zone 0 (House), Zone 1 (Garden), Zone 2 (Grazing), Zone 3 (Cash Crops), Zone 4 (Food Forest), and Zone 5 (Wilderness).…”