Permafrost Distribution and Stability

Burn, C. R.

doi:10.1002/9781119950172.ch7

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Earthworm populations are growing and their activ-ity is basically concentrated at the surface (feeding). In addition, they are confined to the upper part of the active layer (~15-30 cm thick), which is coherent with the thickness of the tundra gley horizons on the loesspalaeosol Nussloch profile (French 2007;Burn 2012). The conditions are favourable for the production of granules.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

High‐resolution quantification of earthworm calcite granules from western European loess sequences reveals stadial–interstadial climatic variability during the Last Glacial

Prud'homme

Moine

Mathieu

et al. 2018

Boreas

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High concentrations of calcite fossil granules produced by earthworms (ECG) have been identified in most of the stratigraphical units along the loess‐palaeosol reference sequence of Nussloch (Germany). They are particularly abundant in interstadial brown soils and in tundra gley horizons, the latter reflecting short‐term phases of aggradation then degradation of permafrost. These granules are characterized by a radial crystalline structure produced in the earthworms by specific bio‐mineralization processes. In our study, we used this biological indicator combined with 14C and OSL dating, and sedimentological parameters to characterize millennial‐time scale climatic variations recorded in loess sequences. The approach is based on high‐resolution counts of ECG throughout a 17‐m‐thick loess sequence (332 samples). Strong increases in granule and mollusc concentrations suggest warmer climate conditions during palaeosol formation phases, associated with increasing biodiversity, biological activity and vegetation cover. Decreased granule concentrations occur within primary loess deposits, indicating a strong correlation with palaeoenvironmental conditions and demonstrating the reliability of ECG concentration variations as a new palaeoenvironmental proxy. Finally, this pattern is also recorded in loess sequences located about 600 km westward in northern France demonstrating the large‐scale validity of this new palaeoclimatic proxy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

High‐resolution quantification of earthworm calcite granules from western European loess sequences reveals stadial–interstadial climatic variability during the Last Glacial

Prud'homme

Moine

Mathieu

et al. 2018

Boreas

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“…Late winter snow depth on the uplands was on average 17 cm with a range of 10-26 cm between 1999 and 2007. Snowmelt occurs in late May or early June ( Burn, 2012) and is the largest hydrological event of the year (Coch et al, 2018a).…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution of carbon and nitrogen along hillslopes in three valleys on Herschel Island, Yukon Territory, Canada

Ramage

Fortier

Hugelius

et al. 2019

CATENA

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“…the amount of unfrozen soil) in the active (unfrozen) upper layer and, thus, limits surface and near‐surface flow of water (Lemieux et al . 2008; Burn 2012; Liljedahl et al . 2016).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Permafrost, the maintained frozen state of water and soil at depth, controls soil availability (i.e. the amount of unfrozen soil) in the active (unfrozen) upper layer and, thus, limits surface and near-surface flow of water (Lemieux et al 2008;Burn 2012;Liljedahl et al 2016). Degradation of permafrost has the potential to alter hydrological connectivity, which may cause ecosystem stress and have cascading impacts for Arctic aquatic systems.…”

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confidence: 99%

Identifying the influence of terrestrial–aquatic connectivity on palaeoecological inferences of past climate in Arctic lakes

Niemeyer

Medeiros

Todd

et al. 2021

Boreas

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Increased hydrological connectivity due to permafrost degradation is likely to have substantial implications for shallow aquatic systems common to sub‐arctic landscapes due to changes to overland and subsurface flow of water and transport of sediments and dissolved nutrients. Here, we explore the influence of increased connectivity on aquatic productivity based on multi‐parameter palaeolimnological analysis of two lakes located near Inuvik (Northwest Territories, Canada). We contrast a lake with little evidence of permafrost degradation in the surrounding area (Lake PG03) to one that has multiple connections to the terrestrial landscape through a network of thaw polygons in the lake catchment (Lake PG09). Comparisons of biological indicators (chironomids) and organic carbon and nitrogen elemental and isotope composition reveal recent divergent lake histories. The chironomid assemblage of Lake PG03 followed an expected temperature gradient, with a warming signal evident since ˜1970 CE, whereas the chironomid assemblage of Lake PG09 was found to primarily respond to nutrient availability and changes in habitat, likely as a result of increasing hydrological connectivity to the landscape. Rapid assemblage and habitat change along with a prominent increase in chironomid abundance were observed at Lake PG09 after ˜1960 CE, following a shift to greater inputs from the terrestrial environment as indicated by high C:N ratios (>15) and low δ13Corg (−30‰). Increased aquatic productivity following high allochthonous additions (˜1960–2014 CE) is supported by decreased C:N and rapidly increasing organic matter (Corg, N). These results demonstrate that increased connectivity along the terrestrial–aquatic interface for lakes is likely to foster elevated productivity in the future. Likewise, increased production poses a challenge to chironomid‐inferred July air temperature reconstructions in lakes that are less resilient to secondary gradients, where analogue mismatches can occur due to shifts in dominance of indicators that are orthogonal to the temperature gradient.

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Permafrost Distribution and Stability

Cited by 8 publications

References 30 publications

High‐resolution quantification of earthworm calcite granules from western European loess sequences reveals stadial–interstadial climatic variability during the Last Glacial

High‐resolution quantification of earthworm calcite granules from western European loess sequences reveals stadial–interstadial climatic variability during the Last Glacial

Distribution of carbon and nitrogen along hillslopes in three valleys on Herschel Island, Yukon Territory, Canada

Identifying the influence of terrestrial–aquatic connectivity on palaeoecological inferences of past climate in Arctic lakes

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