Permanent Ingrown Toenails: Chemical and Surgical Procedures

Surgical Strategies for Ingrown Toenails: A Comprehensive Review of Techniques, Outcomes, and Advancements

“…It is considered for mild-to-moderate cases [34]. Howard-Dubois in 1974 detailed a fish-mouth incision encircling the tip of the affected toe along the nail groove.…”

“…Reserved for severe cases of IGTNs [34], the technique involves two parallel U-shaped incisions to remove hypertrophic tissue. The initial bilateral incision, spanning from the cuticle to the outer edge of the hypertrophic tissue, is created perpendicular to the proximal nail fold.…”

“…In their study, Correa et al found that the Super U technique, preserving the entire nail and adapting the soft tissues of the big toe to the nail, significantly improves the cosmetic outcome compared to matricectomy (Figure 5) [38]. While considered the primary treatment for severe and recurrent cases, this approach has drawbacks, including the need for intensive nursing supervision, typically lasting five to seven weeks and contributing to prolonged morbidity [34,38].…”