Permanently Damaged: Long-Term Follow-Up of Shaken Babies

Fischer, H; Allasio, David

doi:10.1177/000992289403301113

Cited by 21 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 5 publications

(1 reference statement)

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“…Even on admission CT scans, signs of pre-existing brain abnormality were present in nearly one-third of children with acute inflicted brain injury who had no history of prior injury. Children with inflicted TBI have unfavorable long-term cognitive and motor outcomes [12,15] and are more severely disabled than children with noninflicted TBI of comparable severity [14]. The poorer developmental outcomes in children with inflicted TBI probably reflect a combination of prior occult brain injury, the current brain injury, and unfavorable environmental factors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute neuroradiologic findings in young children with inflicted or noninflicted traumatic brain injury

Ewing‐Cobbs¹,

Prasad²,

Kramer

et al. 2000

Child's Nervous System

149

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Acute CT/MRI findings were examined in a prospective, longitudinal study of 60 children 0-6 years of age hospitalized for moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). TBI was categorized as either inflicted (n = 31) or noninflicted (n = 29). Glasgow Coma Scale scores and perinatal history were comparable in both groups. Acute CT/MRI studies were visually inspected by a radiologist blind to group membership. Compared with the noninflicted TBI group, the inflicted TBI group had significantly elevated rates of subdural interhemispheric and convexity hemorrhages as well as signs of pre-existing brain abnormality, including cerebral atrophy, subdural hygroma, and ex vacuo ventriculomegaly. Intraparenchymal hemorrhage, shear injury, and skull fractures were more frequent after non-inflicted TBI. Subarachnoid hemorrhage and infarct/edema occurred with comparable frequency in both groups. Characteristic acute neuroimaging findings of inflicted TBI included multiple extraaxial hemorrhages in addition to the mild atrophy, subdural hygromas, and ventriculomegaly that suggest prior brain abnormality.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute neuroradiologic findings in young children with inflicted or noninflicted traumatic brain injury

Ewing‐Cobbs¹,

Prasad²,

Kramer

et al. 2000

Child's Nervous System

149

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“…In addition, surface injuries that were consistent with intentional injuries were present in about one sixth of the children whose injuries were attributed to accidental causes, suggesting that the actual number of intentional injuries may be far greater. Fischer and Allasio (1994) traced the records of 25 SBS infants. Ewing-Cobbs et al (1998) found 45% of children surviving brain injury resulting from violence to be mentally retarded compared to only 5% of those surviving accidental injury.…”

Section: Direct Effects Of Traumamentioning

confidence: 99%

Exceptionality, Education, and Maltreatment

Sobsey¹

2002

Exceptionality

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Although the association between child maltreatment and childhood disability has been identified for many years, little was known about the nature or extent of the relation until recently. It is now apparent that children with a wide variety of disabilities are several times as likely to have a history of maltreatment as children without disabilities. Almost one third of children with special needs have substantiated histories of maltreatment and it is extremely likely that many others have experienced unreported or unsubstantiated maltreatment. Current research suggests three categories of relation between maltreatment and disability: (a) Maltreatment causes many disabilities, (b) children with disabilities are more vulnerable to maltreatment, and (c) some other primary causal factors increase risk for both violence and disability. Maltreatment is a significant impediment to student achievement whether a particular maltreated student is classified as having special needs and whether maltreatment was a significant factor in a student's primary diagnosis. Similarly, maltreatment contributes substantially to student behavior problems. To be effective in addressing learning and behavior problems, teachers and schools must identify and respond to child maltreatment and its effects.

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“…In the acute period children with inflicted injuries tend to be symptomatic and have a higher frequency of cerebral oedema, anoxic/ischaemic damage (2,6,7), which supports the hypothesis that children with inflicted injuries have a delayed presentation that partially explains their high morbidity rate (6). The morbidity rate in different studies among survivors has varied from 38–40% (9–11) to 58–70% (12–16). Some studies report the morbidity rate to be as high as 80–100% among survivors (7,17–19).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%