Permeability damage and hydrate dissociation barrier caused by invaded fracturing fluid during hydrate reservoir stimulation

Qi, Yun; Sun, Youhong; Li, Bing; Shan, Hengfeng; Shen, Yifeng; Zhang, Guobiao

doi:10.1016/j.jgsce.2023.205051

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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Section: Results and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Changes in cyclic stress can cause deformation of granular shale structures; especially, the opening and closing of pores and fractures under cyclic stress can lead to changes in shale seepage characteristics. The permeability damage rate and irreversible permeability damage rate are commonly used in the oil and gas industry to characterize the permeability change of natural gas reservoirs, and the formulas are as follows , : D normalK 1 = k 1 − k ’ min k 1 where D K1 is the maximum value of the permeability damage during the process of increasing the stress to the highest point; k 1 indicates the permeability of the shale samples corresponding to the first stress point, mD; and k ′ min is the minimum value of the permeability of the shale samples after reaching the maximum effective stress value, mD. D normalK 2 = k 1 − k 1 normalr k 1 × 100 % where D K2 represents the permeability damage rate after the stress is restored to the first stress point and k 1r is the permeability of the shale samples after the stress is restored to the first stress point, mD.…”

Section: Results and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seepage Characteristics of Broken Carbonaceous Shale under Cyclic Loading and Unloading Conditions

Zhang,

Yuan,

Luo

et al. 2023

Energy Fuels

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This study conducted a seepage experiment of broken shale under cyclic loading and unloading conditions to investigate the permeability characteristics of broken shale with different particle sizes under stress disturbance. There were six groups of broken shale samples with different particle sizes, and three cycles of loading and unloading were conducted to test the permeability of broken shale. The influence of the number of cycles and shale particle size on permeability damage was analyzed. Furthermore, the stress-seepage model of broken shale was established to analyze the influence of the number of cycles and shale particle size on the variation of stress sensitivity of broken shale under different loading and unloading stages. The results show that the initial permeability, permeability damage, and stress sensitivity of broken shale are negatively correlated with the number of cycles and that the first cycle has a significant impact on them. As the size of the broken shale particles increases, the rate of change in shale permeability also increases before and after conducting experiments. This results in a greater shale damage permeability. However, the impact of the number of cycles on shale permeability damage decreases. Additionally, the shale's stress sensitivity becomes stronger. It is also found that the seepage characteristics between the small particle size (G1−G4, 0−6.8 mm) and the large particle size (G5−G6, 7−15 mm) are different in the broken shale samples with six different particle sizes. In addition, the change of the shale particle structure under cyclic loading and unloading conditions is discussed, and the mechanism of the shale permeability change is studied. This study indicates the seepage characteristics of broken shale under cyclic loading and unloading conditions, which has a certain guiding significance for the safe and efficient extraction of shale gas wells.

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Section: Results and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Results and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Seepage Characteristics of Broken Carbonaceous Shale under Cyclic Loading and Unloading Conditions

Zhang,

Yuan,

Luo

et al. 2023

Energy Fuels

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“…Clathrate hydrates, commonly referred to as gas hydrates, are nonstoichiometric crystalline inclusion compounds characterized by a structure that resembles powdered ice. , These hydrates consist of polyhedral cages formed by hydrogen-bonded water molecules, which can accommodate gas molecules or small chemical compounds as “guest” molecules . The nature and composition of the guest molecules encased in the hydrate lattice result in the presence of three distinct structures: structure I (sI), structure II (sII), and structure H (sH), each with different types of cages, each with different cages .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective Adsorption of CO₂ and N₂ during Hydrate Formation in Water-Rich Environments

Zhang,

Shen,

et al. 2023

Energy Fuels

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Hydrate-based CO2 capture and separation is considered to be an effective technology in reducing the greenhouse effect. To effectively capture CO2 from flue gas, it is crucial to understand the mechanisms underlying the dissolution–hydration reactions of CO2 and N2. However, the selective adsorption of CO2 and N2 during the formation of the CO2 + N2 hydrate complicates the kinetics and alters the gas phase composition and driving force. Unfortunately, limited research has been conducted on the kinetics of the CO2 + N2 dissolution–hydration reactions. To address this gap, this study conducted experiments on hydrate formation from a CO2 + N2 gas mixture in a stirred gas–water system. The main objective was to investigate the kinetic characteristics of CO2 + N2 hydrate formation in water-rich environments, with a primary focus on the selective adsorption of CO2 and N2 during hydrate formation. Analysis of the gas phase composition revealed a gradual decrease in the CO2 content and a corresponding increase in the N2 content as the experiment progressed, indicating the enrichment of CO2 in the hydrate phase. Gas consumption changes indicated a two-step kinetics process for hydrate formation from CO2 + N2 gas mixtures: (1) rapid complexation of CO2 with water during the initial stage to form basic hydrates with empty cavities, and (2) slow adsorption of N2 into the empty cavities (linked cavities) during the later stage. This two-step kinetic process resulted in significant CO2 gas consumption in the initial stage and slower N2 gas consumption throughout the entire hydrate formation process. Notably, lower pressure and higher stirring speed promoted greater CO2 adsorption into hydrate structures, which benefitted the capture of CO2 capture. These findings offer valuable insights for selecting favorable conditions for the application of hydrate-based CO2 capture and CO2/N2 separation.

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Investigating the influence of Joule-Thomson cooling on hydrate reformation near the wellbore

Li,

Sun,

Jiang

et al. 2024

Gas Science and Engineering

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Permeability damage and hydrate dissociation barrier caused by invaded fracturing fluid during hydrate reservoir stimulation

Cited by 7 publications

References 58 publications

Seepage Characteristics of Broken Carbonaceous Shale under Cyclic Loading and Unloading Conditions

Seepage Characteristics of Broken Carbonaceous Shale under Cyclic Loading and Unloading Conditions

Selective Adsorption of CO₂ and N₂ during Hydrate Formation in Water-Rich Environments

Investigating the influence of Joule-Thomson cooling on hydrate reformation near the wellbore

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Permeability damage and hydrate dissociation barrier caused by invaded fracturing fluid during hydrate reservoir stimulation

Cited by 7 publications

References 58 publications

Seepage Characteristics of Broken Carbonaceous Shale under Cyclic Loading and Unloading Conditions

Seepage Characteristics of Broken Carbonaceous Shale under Cyclic Loading and Unloading Conditions

Selective Adsorption of CO2 and N2 during Hydrate Formation in Water-Rich Environments

Investigating the influence of Joule-Thomson cooling on hydrate reformation near the wellbore

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Selective Adsorption of CO₂ and N₂ during Hydrate Formation in Water-Rich Environments