Permeability of the dento‐gingival blood vessels

Abstract

The vascular labelling method and gingival fluid measurements were applied to studies of the permeability of the dento‐gingival blood vessels. The fluid measurements reflect one aspect of increased permeability; the increased passage of fluid across the vascular walls. The vascular labelling method reflects alterations in the permeability of the vascular endothelium to intravenously injected carbon particles. Increased permeability of the dento‐gingival blood vessels was experimentally produced. It was found that in situations where labelling of the blood vessels occurred, fluid could also be collected from the gingival crevice. With this combination of methods, observation of both the extent and sites of altered permeability could be made.

Keratinized Gingiva Determines a Homeostatic Behavior of Gingival Sulcus through Transudation of Gingival Crevice Fluid

“…These findings suggest that the protective role [16, 21, 24–28] exerted by GCF is compromised in areas with a narrow width of KG. …”

“…Some factors can explain the increase in GCF flow rate, including (i) increase in tissue hydrostatic pressure close to junctional epithelium induced by bacterial plaque accumulation [18, 19, 21]; (ii) mobility of gingival margin and increase in marginal blood flow caused by mechanical stimulus from tooth mobility, frenum pull, toothbrushing, and chewing [22]; (iii) histamine intravenous injection or development of inflammation [23]. These findings suggest that chemical or mechanical irritation is necessary to the production of GCF [21, 24]. …”

Timing Affects the Clinical Outcome of Adjunctive Systemic Antibiotic Therapy for Generalized Aggressive Periodontitis

“…In addition, inflammatory hypoalbuminemia can decrease the degree of protein binding of antibiotics, which, in turn, results in increased concentrations of the free drug. 43,44 Inflammation changes the phenotype and function of gingival capillaries, [45][46][47][48] whereas the inflammatory increase in gingival blood flow is decreased by therapy. 49 Because it is also known that inflammation affects the formation, protein composition, and concentration of gingival crevicular fluid, 50 it is consequently evident that distribution of antibiotics into the periodontal pocket is unlikely to be a constant factor, analogous to other compartments of the body.…”

The quantification of individual proteins in crevicular gingival fluid

“…Alternatively, collection time has to be increased to obtain adequate volumes and a range of 3 min to 90 min is indicated by various investigators (Cimasoni 1974(Cimasoni , 1983. During the lengthier collection periods the filter paper strips or capillary tubes may cause local mechanical irritation resulting in an inflammatory response which interferes with the normal tissue fluid dynamics in that area (Egelberg 1966).…”