Permeation of aromatic solvent mixtures through nitrile protective gloves

Chao, Keh-Ping; Hsu, Yung-Chang; Chen, Su-Yi

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2007.09.059

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…These properties include polarity, solubility parameter, and octanol-water partition coefficient. However, this description does not appear to apply to a mixture of solvents (Chao et al 2008). Solvents in a mixture will interact in a complex way with the glove polymer and with each other (Perron et al 2002).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several researchers have demonstrated that contact with binary mixtures of solvents led to enhanced permeation of one or both components relative to pure solvent (Mickelsen et al 1986;Chao et al 2008;Forsberg and Faniadis 1986). Chao et al (2008) found, for example, that the more slowly permeating component of a mixture broke through nitrile rubber gloves earlier than its pure form. These investigators recommended that protective clothing permeation studies be performed using mixtures that reflect actual application conditions.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, a clear-coat formulation with solvents containing ketone and aromatic groups, which are known to affect the integrity of certain glove materials (Chao et al 2008), was selected for this study.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Transport of a Solvent Mixture Across Two Glove Materials When Applied in a Paint Matrix

Tran

Ceballos

Dills

et al. 2012

Arch Environ Contam Toxicol

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The transport of mixed paint solvents through natural rubber latex (4 mil) and nitrile rubber (5 mil) gloves was evaluated after spray application of the paint formulation directly on the glove surface. Glove materials and thicknesses were those selected by the majority of spray painters in the local automobile repair industry. A flat panel containing glove specimens mounted in multiple permeation cells permitted evaporation of solvents from the applied paint and incorporated a solid sorbent receiving medium for measuring glove membrane transport. The panel was sprayed in a paint booth to simulate use conditions. Charcoal cloth under the glove adsorbed transported solvents, which were quantified by gas chromatography. For each solvent component, results were expressed as mass transported through the glove relative to the mass applied, per unit area, during 30 min after spray application. The paint formulation contained ketones, acetates, and aromatics. Natural rubber latex allowed 6-10 times the transport of solvents relative to nitrile rubber for all eight solvent components: methyl ethyl ketone, toluene, styrene, ethyl benzene, xylene isomers, and 2-heptanone. m-Xylene showed the largest difference in transport between the two glove materials. This solvent also had the highest transport for each material. The results indicate that nitrile rubber gloves offer somewhat greater chemical resistance to all eight solvents studied compared with natural rubber latex gloves, regardless of the chemical properties of the individual solvent components. However, it must be emphasized that neither of the glove materials, in the thicknesses used in this study, provide adequate protection when exposed by direct spray painting. Simulation of realistic spray conditions may offer a source of useful information on the performance of chemical protective gloves because it accounts for solvent evaporation and the effect of paint polymerization after application on glove transport.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Transport of a Solvent Mixture Across Two Glove Materials When Applied in a Paint Matrix

Tran

Ceballos

Dills

et al. 2012

Arch Environ Contam Toxicol

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“…Selecting a polymer for a TPPB process requires consideration of many of the same factors important in other separation processes such as pervaporation, perstraction, and vapor permeation, as well as food packaging applications and protective clothing design . These aspects include (1) polymer‐solute thermodynamic affinity, (2) degree of crystallinity ( w c ), and (3) polymer glass transition temperature ( T g ) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…22 Selecting a polymer for a TPPB process requires consideration of many of the same factors important in other separation processes such as pervaporation, perstraction, and vapor permeation, [23][24][25] as well as food packaging applications 26,27 and protective clothing design. 28 These aspects include (1) polymersolute thermodynamic affinity, (2) degree of crystallinity (w c ), and (3) polymer glass transition temperature (T g ). 29,30 In the case of TPPBs, these considerations will determine the rate and extent to which a toxic solute will be absorbed/sequestered in the polymer phase, thereby reducing its inhibitory effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selecting polymers for two‐phase partitioning bioreactors (TPPBs): Consideration of thermodynamic affinity, crystallinity, and glass transition temperature

Bacon

Peterson

Parent

2015

Biotechnology Progress

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Two-phase partitioning bioreactor technology involves the use of a secondary immiscible phase to lower the concentration of cytotoxic solutes in the fermentation broth to subinhibitory levels. Although polymeric absorbents have attracted recent interest due to their low cost and biocompatibility, material selection requires the consideration of properties beyond those of small molecule absorbents (i.e., immiscible organic solvents). These include a polymer's (1) thermodynamic affinity for the target compound, (2) degree of crystallinity (wc ), and (3) glass transition temperature (Tg ). We have examined the capability of three thermodynamic models to predict the partition coefficient (PC) for n-butyric acid, a fermentation product, in 15 polymers. Whereas PC predictions for amorphous materials had an average absolute deviation (AAD) of ≥16%, predictions for semicrystalline polymers were less accurate (AAD ≥ 30%). Prediction errors were associated with uncertainties in determining the degree of crystallinity within a polymer and the effect of absorbed water on n-butyric acid partitioning. Further complications were found to arise for semicrystalline polymers, wherein strongly interacting solutes increased the polymer's absorptive capacity by actually dissolving the crystalline fraction. Finally, we determined that diffusion limitations may occur for polymers operating near their Tg , and that the Tg can be reduced by plasticization by water and/or solute. This study has demonstrated the impact of basic material properties that affects the performance of polymers as sequestering phases in TPPBs, and reflects the additional complexity of polymers that must be taken into account in material selection.

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Continual preparation of chemical vapor standard mixtures: Autonomous generator based on modified dynamic methods

Vaněk,

Cupák,

Vojtěch

2024

Journal of Chromatography A

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Permeation of aromatic solvent mixtures through nitrile protective gloves

Cited by 14 publications

References 22 publications

Transport of a Solvent Mixture Across Two Glove Materials When Applied in a Paint Matrix

Transport of a Solvent Mixture Across Two Glove Materials When Applied in a Paint Matrix

Selecting polymers for two‐phase partitioning bioreactors (TPPBs): Consideration of thermodynamic affinity, crystallinity, and glass transition temperature

Continual preparation of chemical vapor standard mixtures: Autonomous generator based on modified dynamic methods

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