PERMISSIVE ROLE OF l-THYROXINE IN INDUCTION OF PANCREATIC AMYLASE BY CORTISOL IN NEONATAL RATS

Kumegawa, Masayoshi; Maeda, Norihiko; Yajima, Toshihiko; Teratani, Takuma; Ikeda, Erika; Hanai, H

doi:10.1677/joe.0.0860497

Cited by 20 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…A similar subdivi sion of the weaning phase is found in the liver where most enzymes have a profile similar to that of amylase except for glucokinase that resembles sucrase [26], This appears to be related to the different hormonal regulations of both enzymes: an early (preweaning) in crease like that of amylase is usually associ ated with a stimulatory effect of glucocorticosteroids and glucagon [23,27], while a late (weaning) increase like that of sucrase is usually associated with a stimulatory effect of glucocorticostcroids and insulin [27,32], The hormonal effects on lactase and amylase ac tivity (table I) suggest indeed that the hor monal regulation of enzyme activity in the spiny mouse is very similar to that in the rat [ 15,21,23,32,38,41,42]. The absence of an effect of any of the hormones tried on sucrase activity immediately after birth in the spiny mouse is remarkable for several reasons.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Perinatal Development of the Small Intestine and Pancreas in Rat and Spiny Mouse

1985

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Rat (Raitus norvegicus)and spiny mouse (Acomys cahirinus)are closely related species that mainly differ in the developmental timing of birth. A comparison between the developmental profiles of some characteristic enzymes of the small intestine (lactase and sucrase) and of the pancreas (amylase) of both species was carried out to elucidate the question to what extent these enzymic profiles and hence the maturation of these organs was related to the process of birth. It was found that these organ-specific enzymes become first detectable at the same developmental stage in both species. Likewise, the weaning phase of the enzymic profiles occurred at the same developmental time point in both species. It is argued that both the first appearance and the weaning increase in enzyme activity follow an inherent biological program that can only be modulated by hormones. In contrast, the perinatal phase of the enzymic profile is completely dependent on the developmental timing of birth, and therefore appears not to be anchored to a particular developmental time point but rather to be dependent on birth-associated (hormonal) adaptation. In accordance with this hypothesis it was found that the development of the microscopic anatomy of the small intestine proceeded independently of the functional adaptation of the intestine to the process of birth.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Perinatal Development of the Small Intestine and Pancreas in Rat and Spiny Mouse

1985

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“…A functional pituitary-adrenal axis is mandatory for normal intestinal maturation and enzymic ontogeny in rats and mice (Moog, 1953;Yeh and Moog, 1974, 1977. Normal development of the rat exocrine pancreas also is dependent on circulating corticosteroids (Takeuchi et al, 1977;Kumegawa et al, 1980). Rat intestinal disaccharidases can be induced prematurely by exogenous glucocorticoids (Doell and Kretchmer, 1964;Henning et al, 1975) but only prior to d 17, the time that mature enzyme production normally begins (Henning and Sims, 1979).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal Changes in Carbohydrate Digestive Capacity and Growth Rate of Piglets in Response to Glucocorticoid Administration and Weaning Age

Chapple

Cuarón

Easter

1989

Journal of Animal Science

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Two experiments were conducted that demonstrated that a single injection of hydrocortisone 21-acetate (HYD, 25 mg/kg BW) administered to 6-d-old nursing piglets resulted in a twofold elevation (P less than .02) of pancreatic amylase within 2 d; activity was unaffected by an injection of 15 IU adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)/kg BW (P greater than .20). Intestinal sucrase and maltase activity tended to be elevated (P less than .20) 2 and 4 d postinjection with HYD but returned to normal (uninjected) levels by 14 d of age. The normal decline of intestinal lactase activity was delayed by at least 4 d in response to both hormones (P less than .10). Organ weights were not affected by either hormone. In a separate experiment, postweaning mortality was reduced (12 vs 27%) and growth rate was substantially improved by administration of HYD to piglets 4 and 2 d prior to weaning at 14 d of age. Hydrocortisone resulted in a faster rate of gain the 1st wk postweaning for pigs weaned at 21 or 28 d. Subsequent gain by control and HYD piglets weaned on d 21 was similar, but HYD subsequently impaired growth rate of piglets weaned at 28 d of age. Growth rates of control and ACTH piglets were similar at each postweaning period regardless of weaning age (weaning age [lin.] x week postweaning [quad.] x treatment, P less than .07). This differential treatment response of daily gain may be due in part to effects on feed intake (weaning age [lin.] x week postweaning [lin.] x treatment, P less than .10). We conclude that a single injection of HYD to 6-d-old piglets precociously induces pancreatic amylase and that the sensitivity of piglets to HYD is age-dependent.

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“…These findings indicate that thyroid hormone is important in the induction of amylase activity in the parotid gland of growing rats. Thyroid hormones have been found to affect the activities of various enzymes which normally increase during week 3 after birth in rat liver (Greengard & Jamdar, 1971;Partridge, Hoh, Weaver & Oliver, 1975), intestine (Henning, 1978) and pancreas (Kumegawa, Maeda, Yajima, Takuma, Ikeda & Hanai, 1980): the normal development of these enzymes is depressed, but not abolished, in hypothyroidism and increased in hyperthyroidism. However, physiological doses of T4 alone do not increase these enzyme activities in the intestine and pancreas of intact rats (Henning, 1978;Kumegawa et al 1980).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

l-THYROXINE, CORTISOL AND DIET AFFECT THE LEVEL OF AMYLASE IN THE PAROTID GLAND OF DEVELOPING RATS

Kumegawa¹,

Maeda²,

Yajima³

et al. 1980

Journal of Endocrinology

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The effects of cortisol (10 microgram/g body weight) and L-thyroxine (T4; 0.2 microgram/g body weight) on the activity of parotid gland amylase in young rats were investigated. Administration of cortisol or T4 for 5 consecutive days from day 5 after birth caused the precocious appearance of amylase, T4 having almost twice the effect of cortisol. Cortisol and T4 did not have synergistic effects. In thyroidectomized-adrenalectomized rats, T4 increased amylase activity but cortisol did not. The increase in enzyme activity after day 20 was much less in rats thyroidectomized on day 10 than in rats adrenalectomized on day 10. These results suggest that T4 has a direct effect on the early increase of amylase activity (days 15-25) and that the action of glucocorticoid requires the presence of endogenous thyroid hormones. The hormone-induced level of amylase in intact rats was less than that of normal adult rats. Forced weaning of intact rats resulted in a further increase in amylase activity, suggesting that further amylase accumulation (after day 25) may be due to dietary factors.

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PERMISSIVE ROLE OF l-THYROXINE IN INDUCTION OF PANCREATIC AMYLASE BY CORTISOL IN NEONATAL RATS

Cited by 20 publications

References 16 publications

Perinatal Development of the Small Intestine and Pancreas in Rat and Spiny Mouse

Perinatal Development of the Small Intestine and Pancreas in Rat and Spiny Mouse

Temporal Changes in Carbohydrate Digestive Capacity and Growth Rate of Piglets in Response to Glucocorticoid Administration and Weaning Age

l-THYROXINE, CORTISOL AND DIET AFFECT THE LEVEL OF AMYLASE IN THE PAROTID GLAND OF DEVELOPING RATS

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