Perniagaan Bahari Sriwijaya Pada Masa Dinasti Song

Abstract

This paper is a study of the book Chu-fan-chi compiled by Chau Ju-Kua (Zhao Rugua) from 1208 to 1224 or when he was an official at the customs office (Shi-po-shi) of Quanzhou Port. Chu-fan-chi can be considered as documentation of the Trans-Asian maritime trade during the time of the Buddhist Cosmopolis. This period was an era that formed an Asia Civilization with the establishment of economic, political, cultural, and scientific cooperation that grew along with the development of Hindu-Buddhist Religion in the Sino-Indian region since the 7th century. This paper wants to provide an overview of how the conditions of trade routes and activities in Sriwijaya in the 10th to 13th centuries, which is the information from Chau Ju-Kua that describe the dynamic relationship between Sriwijaya and the Song Dynasty in the formation of maritime history and the spice trade in the archipelago. This study also aims to re-examine the bilateral relationship between China and Srivijaya during the heyday of the Buddhist Cosmopolitan period. This study is expected to redevelop historiographic studies of the Buddhist Cosmopolitan period. This study was compiled by collecting data from various historical and archaeological records and works that have been compiled in various secondary sources, especially from the records of Sinology scholars who have studied relics in the form of government reports, travel records, documentation, and journals originating from the Song Dynasty. According to a Chau Ju-Kua, Sriwijaya not just only sought to profit from the hectic trade traffic that crossed the Natuna Sea, Karimata Strait, Malacca Strait, and Sunda Straits, but Sriwijaya was also able to maintain the security and continuity of Trans-Asian trade traffic at that time.

Political and trade of the Malacca sultanate and the ming dynasty XV-XVI century

“…Its primary function involved providing water, provisions and various trade commodities needed before the Chinese traders continued their expeditions westward into the Indian Ocean. As a strategic stopover, Malacca not only provided practical support for Chinese sailors and traders, but also encouraged economic growth and cultural interaction in the region (Ariwibowo, 2021). In the following years, the Yongle Emperor, leader of the Ming Dynasty in the early 15th century, organized a large maritime expedition to establish diplomatic relations.…”