“…In fact, Reddy and Rao (N. Reddy, V. G. Rao, oral communications, May 15 and 19, 2005; N. Reddy, oral communication, May 2004) and Kalloo et al [8] described a new port to the peritoneal cavity through a transgastric approach in humans and pigs, respectively. Subsequently, various authors described more-complex intra-abdominal procedures in porcine models, opening a new era in surgery that is being considered third generation surgery: the natural orifice translumenal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) [7,9,[11][12][13][14][19][20]. Building on these findings, our group described transvesical endoscopic peritoneoscopy as a complementary and safe approach to the abdominal cavity in a porcine model [10,16].…”