Perovskite lead-free dielectrics for energy storage applications

Bi‐modified SrTiO3‐based ceramics for high‐temperature energy storage applications

“…From room temperature to 200°C, the dielectric losses of all ceramics are less than 1% at 1 kHz, slightly increase with increasing frequency, being relevant to the relaxor component. The relatively low losses are very importance for thermal stability at high applied electric field, because the generated heat per unit volume is proportional to the dielectric loss, therefore the low dielectric loss is beneficial to the reduced heat generation and the possibility of the thermal breakdown . The dielectric properties of the ceramics at 1 kHz are summarized in Table .…”

“…All the studied ceramics exhibit slim P ‐ E loops at room temperature and are associated with the relaxor component. Generally, the hysteresis observed in ferroelectrics is due to the macroscopic domain walls motion, while in relaxors, nanopolar regions (PNRs) instead of macrodomains exist, which is responsible for the slim P ‐ E loops in relaxors . The room temperature energy storage properties of the SBT‐based ceramics at 200 kV/cm are also summarized in Table .…”

“…In recent years, much effort has been made to improve the energy density of lead‐free dielectric materials. Enhancing BDS is an efficient approach to improve energy density because the energy density is proportional to the square of applied electric field with the assumption that the permittivity is independent of the electric field . However, the energy efficiency usually decreases at high electric fields due to the increased leakage current, which generates more heat and hence accelerates the thermal breakdown.…”

PLZST antiferroelectric ceramics with promising energy storage and discharge performance for high power applications

“…The discharged energy density W dis at 200 kV/cm is 3.7 J/cm 3 , which is lower than the corresponding W re (4.1 J/cm 3 ) calculated from P ‐ E loop. The difference between W re and W dis has been observed in many former works and explained as the orientation of domain wall …”

High‐recoverable energy‐storage density and dielectric tunability in Eu3+‐doped NBT‐xSTO binary solid solution films

“…The microstructural uniformity and porosity have significant influence on the breakdown strength of materials. Both uniform and dense microstructure will reduce the localization of electric field distribution, leading to increase in breakdown strength . Several reports have demonstrated that the breakdown strength of ceramics decreases rapidly as the porosity increases and/or the density decreases .…”