Perovskite Solar Cells for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting andCO₂Reduction

Toward high‐efficiency photovoltaics‐assisted electrochemical and photoelectrochemical CO2 reduction: Strategy and challenge

“…Si (series) solar cells, [117] dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) solar cells, [118] copper-indium-galliumselenide (CIGS) solar cells, [119] and perovskite solar cells [16] are some of the solar cell types that are used to provide insuf-ficient energy to PV-integrated EC systems using Cu-based electrocatalysts as a cathode. [120] However, the conversion efficiency to C 2+ using Cu still faces limitations compared to C 1 selectivity of over 90%. Therefore, to improve C 2+ formation, various methods, including exposed facet, [121][122][123] size effect, [124] morphology change, [125] defects, [126] oxide state manipulation, [127] and grain boundaries [128] are explored from many perspectives.…”

TiO2-based photocatalysts for CO2 reduction and solar fuel generation

“…During PEC reaction, it is challenging to maintain a long-term stability of the electrode due to decay of the electrode by photo-corrosion, electro-corrosion, and degradation of electrolyte. In this regard, titania, as a photo-and chemical corrosion-resistant metal oxide, is an ideal scaffold for electrode and has been widely investigated for PEC CO2 reduction [31,56,113,[261][262][263]. The n-type semiconducting TiO2 is also favorable in PEC because it produces large amounts of protons to active CO2 and reduce it into liquid fuel products [264].…”