Peroxidase-Induced Wilting in Transgenic Tobacco Plants.

Lagrimini, L. Mark; Bradford, Susan Carol; Rothstein, Steven J.

doi:10.1105/tpc.2.1.7

Cited by 137 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Casual observation of the antisensetransformed plant revealed no noticeable differences. This is in sharp contrast to transgenic plants, which overexpress anionic peroxidase (Lagrimini et al, 1990). Differences are only seen after a close comparison of the antisense plant with nontransformed plants and with plants overproducing anionic peroxidase.…”

Section: Morphological and Physiological Characterization Of Transformentioning

confidence: 77%

“…formed plants and plants overexpressing anionic peroxidase (Lagrimini et al, 1990). The predominant RNA band or sense transcript was 1250 nucleotides as predicted.…”

Section: Selection Of Transformed Plants With Suppressed Peroxidase Amentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most significantly, purified tobacco anionic peroxidase is highly active in the polymerization of monolignols such as coniferyl alcohols (Mader et al, 1977;Mader and Fiissl, 1982), and this isoenzyme is localized in the walls of lignifying vessels (Klotz, 1995). Previously, transgenic tobacco plants that continuously overproduce anionic peroxidase by more than 10-fold were characterized for morphological and physiological abnormalities that could be attributed to this enzyme (Lagrimini et al, 1990). The most noticeable defect in these plants was manifested by the continuous wilting of leaves in the mature plant.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Characterization of Antisense Transformed Plants Deficient in the Tobacco Anionic Peroxidase

et al. 1997

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On the basis of the biological compounds that they metabolize, plant peroxidases have long been implicated in plant growth, cell wall biogenesis, lignification, and host defenses. Transgenic tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) plants that underexpress anionic peroxidase were generated using antisense RNA. The antisense RNA was found to be specific for the anionic isoenzyme and highly effective, reducing endogenous transcript levels and total peroxidase activity by as much as 1600-fold. Antisense-transformed plants appeared normal at initial observation; however, growth studies showed that plants with reduced peroxidase activity grow taller and flower sooner than control plants. In contrast, previously transformed plants overproducing anionic peroxidase were shorter and flowered later than controls. Axillary buds were more developed in antisensetransformed plants and less developed in plants overproducing this enzyme. It was found that the lignin content in leaf, stem, and root was unchanged in antisense-transformed plants, which does not support a role for anionic peroxidase in the lignification of secondary xylem vessels. However, studies of wounded tissue show some reduction in wound-induced deposition of lignin-like polymers. The data support a possible role for tobacco anionic peroxidase in host defenses but not without a reduction in growth potential.

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Section: Morphological and Physiological Characterization Of Transformentioning

confidence: 77%

“…formed plants and plants overexpressing anionic peroxidase (Lagrimini et al, 1990). The predominant RNA band or sense transcript was 1250 nucleotides as predicted.…”

Section: Selection Of Transformed Plants With Suppressed Peroxidase Amentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Characterization of Antisense Transformed Plants Deficient in the Tobacco Anionic Peroxidase

et al. 1997

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“…Furthermore of the identified possible glycoproteins (Supplemental Fig. S2A and Table III), class III peroxidase has been known as a heme-containing glycoprotein (42). Polygalacturonase, pollen-specific protein C13 (Os09g39950), ␤-expansin Os-EXPB13, and ␤-expansin have been well documented as pollen allergens (43)(44)(45).…”

Section: Identification Of Proteins Involved In Pollen Germinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proteomics Identification of Differentially Expressed Proteins Associated with Pollen Germination and Tube Growth Reveals Characteristics of Germinated Oryza sativa Pollen

Dai

Chen

Chong

et al. 2007

Molecular & Cellular Proteomics

139

134

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Mature pollen from most plant species is metabolically quiescent; however, after pollination, it germinates quickly and gives rise to a pollen tube to transport sperms into the embryo sac. Because methods for collecting a large amount of in vitro germinated pollen grains for transcriptomics and proteomics studies from model plants of Arabidopsis and rice are not available, molecular information about the germination developmental process is lacking. Here we describe a method for obtaining a large quantity of in vitro germinating rice pollen for proteomics study. Two-dimensional electrophoresis of ϳ2300 protein spots revealed 186 that were differentially expressed in mature and germinated pollen. Most showed a changed level of expression, and only 66 appeared to be specific to developmental stages. Furthermore 160 differentially expressed protein spots were identified on mass spectrometry to match 120 diverse protein species. These proteins involve different cellular and metabolic processes with obvious functional skew toward wall metabolism, protein synthesis and degradation, cytoskeleton dynamics, and carbohydrate/energy metabolism. Wall metabolism-related proteins are prominently featured in the differentially expressed proteins and the pollen proteome as compared with rice sporophytic proteomes. Our study also revealed multiple isoforms and differential expression patterns between isoforms of a protein. These results provide novel insights into pollen function specialization. Pollen of flowering plants, generated in diploid sporophytic plants via meiosis followed by two cycles of mitosis, contains three haploid genomes and is a highly reduced organism. Mature pollen grains from most plant species are metabolically quiescent. However, during pollination, they can quickly germinate and give rise to a polarly growing pollen tube whereby the pollen interacts with pistils and then delivers two sperms into the embryo sac to initiate double fertilization. Besides having biological importance, pollen germination and tube growth have been considered unique developmental processes for studying cell polar establishment, cell differentiation, cell fate determination, and cell-to-cell recognition. Thus, the molecular mechanisms underlining the specific cellular programs have been the focus of investigation over the past 50 years (1). However, until now, only a limited number of genes encoding coat/wall proteins or signal molecules have been shown to be essential for pollen germination, tube growth, and interaction of the tube and stigma (1-7).Recent analyses of mature pollen of Arabidopsis revealed the transcriptome to have reduced complexity and a higher proportion of selectively expressed transcripts than sporophytic tissues (8 -10). As well, about one-third of the genes expressed in vegetative tissues are not expressed in the pollen (8). The observation suggests that the transcriptional characteristics involve pollen function specialization. Furthermore these studies determined that pollen transcriptome has a functiona...

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“…Transgenic tobacco have been produced that overexpress an anionic peroxidase believed to be involved in lignification (Lagrimini et al, 1990 browned more rapidly than controls (Lagrimini, 1991). The anionic peroxidase isozyme is implicated by these results in cross-linking of cell-wall polymers, but evidence for a role in lignin formation is still inconclusive.…”

Section: Llcnln Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation in Lignin Content and Composition (Mechanisms of Control and Implications for the Genetic Improvement of Plants)

Campbell

Sederoff²

1996

Plant Physiol.

573

268

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a complex phenolic polymer, is important for mechanical support, water transport, and defense in vaseular plants. Compressive strength and hydrophobicity of xylem cell walls are imparted by the lignin polymer, which is deposited during the terminal differentiation of tracheids and other cell types. The resistance of xylem to compressive stresses imposed by water transport and by the mass of the plants is important to growth and development. In addition, the insolubility and complexity of the lignin polymer makes it resistant to degradation by most microorganisms. Therefore, lignin serves an important function in plant defense. Variation in lignin content, composition, and location is likely to affect these essential processes. The constraints on the amount, composition, and localization of lignin for normal xylem function and plant defense are not known.Lignin composition, quantity, and distribution also affect the agroindustrial uses of plant material. Digestibility and dietary conversion of herbaceous crops are affected by differences in lignin content and composition (Akin et al., 1986. Lignin is an undesirable component in the conversion of wood into pulp and paper; remova1 of lignin is a major step in the paper making process. Furthermore, the resistance of lignin to microbial degradation enhances its persistence in soils. Lignin is, therefore, a significant component in the global carbon cycle.The mechanisms of control of lignin composition and quantity have wide implications regarding the adaptation and evolution of land plants and provide a basis for improved genetic manipulation of lignin for agroindustrial end uses. In this Update, we will focus on the levels of control of lignin variation, including (a) metabolic control, (b) regulation of individual enzymes in the biosynthetic pathway, and (c) regulation of gene expression. These levels of regulation affect variation in lignin content, quality, and distribution. Finally, the implications of these regulatory mechanisms for the genetic improvement of lignin for Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8008 agroindustrial products will be described. Lignin structure, biosynthesis, degradation, and the regulation of lignification have been extensively reviewed (Higuchi, 1985(Higuchi, ,1990Lewis and Yamamoto, 1990;Chen, 1991;Sederoff et al., 1994). L l G N l N IS A COMPLEX A N D HIGHLY VARIABLE BIOPOLYMERLignin is a complex hydrophobic network of phenylpropanoid units that is thought to result from the oxidative polymerization of one or more of three types of hydroxycinnamyl alcohol precursors (Higuchi, 1985). These alcohols, 4-hydroxycinnamyl alcohol, coniferyl alcohol, and sinapyl alcohol, give rise to p-hydroxyphenyl, guaiacyl, and syringyl lignins, respectively (Fig. 1). The three monolignol precursors differ in the extent of methoxylation. This variety of subunit substitution patterns means that a variety of intermolecular linkages can be formed during polymerization (Freudenberg and Neish, 1968;Lewis and Yamamoto, 1990). Lignin, therefore, varies in its subun...

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Peroxidase-Induced Wilting in Transgenic Tobacco Plants.

Cited by 137 publications

References 14 publications

Characterization of Antisense Transformed Plants Deficient in the Tobacco Anionic Peroxidase

Characterization of Antisense Transformed Plants Deficient in the Tobacco Anionic Peroxidase

Proteomics Identification of Differentially Expressed Proteins Associated with Pollen Germination and Tube Growth Reveals Characteristics of Germinated Oryza sativa Pollen

Variation in Lignin Content and Composition (Mechanisms of Control and Implications for the Genetic Improvement of Plants)

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