Peroxidase-mediated Antimicrobial Activity of Rat Uterine Fluid

Klebanoff, Seymour J.; Smith, Dietrich C.

doi:10.1159/000301903

Cited by 54 publications

(32 citation statements)

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“…Many previous studies have indicated that the rise in leukocyte oxygen consumption that accompanies bacterial phagocytosis is related to the process of bacterial killing by these cells (2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8). Evidence presented here and elsewhere raises the possibility that 02-may be involved in this process.…”

Section: /00imentioning

confidence: 52%

“…The most extensively investigated of these proposals is the one originally outlined by Klebanoff (5), in which the primary bactericidal agent is generated in a myeloperoxidasecatalyzed reaction between a halide anion and hydrogen peroxide. Although there is much evidence documenting the importance of this bactericidal system in leukocytes (5)(6)(7)(8)(9), the fact that bacterial killing by cells severely de-ficient in myeloperoxidase is only moderately impaired (9) implies that other mechanisms for the destruction of bacteria must also exist.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Biological Defense Mechanisms THE EFFECT OF BACTERIA AND SERUM ON SUPEROXIDE PRODUCTION BY GRANULOCYTES

Curnutte¹,

Babior²

1974

J. Clin. Invest.

280

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A B S T R A C T We previously reported that granulocytes are able to produce superoxide (02-), a highly reactive compound formed by the one-electron reduction of oxygen. The demonstration of 02-production was based on the observation that the reduction of extracellular cytochrome c by granulocytes was greatly diminished by superoxide dismutase, an enzyme catalyzing the conversion of 02-to hydrogen peroxide and oxygen. In the present report, studies concerning the effect of bacteria and serum on O-dependent cytochrome c reduction by granulocytes are described.In the absence of bacteria, the 02-dependent reduction of extracellular cytochrome c by granulocytes under optimal assay conditions amounted to 9.2±2.8 SD nmol/3 X 106 cells/20 min. When bacteria (100 organisms/cell) were present, the 02-dependent cytochrome c reduction under otherwise similar conditions increased by a factor of nearly four (34.5+9.4). There was no effect of albumin or catalase on cytochrome c reduction, and boiled dismutase had only a small effect. Omission of granulocytes or substitution of live cells by cells killed by heat abolished 02-dependent cytochrome c reduction. Bacteria killed by autoclaving were almost as effective as live bacteria in stimulating granulocyte 02-production. Measurements of particle uptake and 02 uptake by granulocytes indicated that superoxide dismutase did not affect granulocyte metabolism nonspecifically, supporting the conclusion that the diminution of cytochrome c reduction in the presence of dismutase was due to the destruction of 02 by this enzyme.

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Section: /00imentioning

confidence: 52%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological Defense Mechanisms THE EFFECT OF BACTERIA AND SERUM ON SUPEROXIDE PRODUCTION BY GRANULOCYTES

Curnutte¹,

Babior²

1974

J. Clin. Invest.

280

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“…It may enhance oxidation of phenolic compounds to products toxic to the infecting agent or to the infected cells (2,14,24); in the latter case, necrotic foci prevent the spread of the infectious agent (11,19,20,25,26). It may increase the lignification of cell walls, rendering them impervious to degradation or penetration by the pathogen, or both (6,8,15).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell Wall and Protoplast Isoperoxidases of Corn Leaves in Relation to Cut Injury and Infection with Helminthosporium maydis

1975

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The nature of the involvement of peroxidases in plant resistance to fungal, bacterial, and viral diseases has been extensively investigated (7,13,18,22,28,30). However, the emphasis has been on soluble peroxidases, separated from tissue homogenates by centrifugation, and the cell wall-bound components have usually been disregarded. Since parasitic microorganisms are in intimate association with host cell walls at entry, at the establishment of the host-parasite relationship, and during spread in the host tissues, cell wall peroxidase fractions may be specifically involved in the plant-response to the parasite.In previously reported research on tobacco pith and sweet potato root parenchyma (5), significant differences were found between cell wall and protoplast peroxidases in their isoenzyme patterns, activity, and reaction to mechanical injury. It has been University, Columbus, Ohio 43210shown recently that the reaction of tobacco leaf peroxidase to cutting injury did not differ from that to tobacco mosaic virus infection in respect to the qualitative isoperoxidase patterns in the protoplast and cell wall-free or ionically and covalently bound fractions (4).This report deals with the reaction of corn leaf peroxidase to cutting injury and to infection with the fungus Helminthosporium maydis. Funk inbred lines with normal and Texas male-sterile cytoplasm were used. In a previous investigation (10), the Tms' cytoplasm inbred showed greater susceptibility to the fungus than did the N cytoplasm inbred; this was also reflected in a greater electrolyte and peroxidase leakage from the infected leaves. MATERIALS AND METHODSThe plants were grown in vermiculite on a 4-fold diluted Hoagland's solution in a growth chamber at 28 C and 16-hr daily photoperiod (1200 ft-c). At the four leaf stage, the laminae of the second and third leaves were detached and immediately weighed, stapled to a sheet of Whatman No. 3 filter paper, and cut into 8-mm segments or sprayed with a H. maydis race T spore suspension (20,000-30,000/ml) in H,O containing 0.1 % Tween 40. The suspension was prepared from cultures incubated on a glucose-L-asparagine agar medium for 12 to 14 days at 28 C. Intact (control) and cut laminae were sprayed with water containing 0.1% Tween 40. Six laminae from three plants were used in each of three replications per treatment. The laminae were incubated in the dark in a water vaporsaturated atmosphere for 16 and 40 hr. At the end of incubation, the infected laminae of the N and Tms cytoplasm inbreds had oblong lesions 1 to 2 and 3 to 4 mm long, respectively. The Tms inbred showed also slight chlorosis and some flaccidity.Immediately after sampling, the tissue was frozen and kept in a deep freeze. Unfortunately, attempts to isolate free peroxidase from cell walls before freezing by vacuum-infiltration, followed by centrifugation, were not successful. Therefore, the protoplast peroxidase fraction was separated together with the free fraction in the cell wall.Procedures related to peroxidase isolation were similar ...

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“…Among the oxygen independent mechanisms are low pH (Jensen & Bainton, 1973), lactoferrin (Baggiolini et al 1970;Leffell & Spitznagel, 1972), cationic proteins (Spitznagel & Chi, 1963) and lysozyme (Cohn & Hirsh, 1960;Baggiolini et al 1969) and other degrading enzymes (Elsbach, 1980). Oxygen-dependent mechanisms include toxic oxygen metabolites (Johnson et al 1975) and the enzymatic myeloperoxidase (MPO)-H202-halide system (Klebanoff, 1967;Klebanoff & Hamon, 1972).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of oxygen-dependent antimicrobial systems on strains ofLegionella pneumophilaof different virulence

Jepras

Fitzgeorge

1986

J. Hyg.

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SUMMARYFour strains of Legionella pneumophila of different virulence as identified by ability to produce pneumonia and death in guinea-pigs infected by a fine-particle aerosol were examined for factors which may intracellularly influence virulence.Possible bactericidal mechanisms possessed by alveolar phagocytes were examined. A relationship could be established between resistance to H202, catalase activity and virulence amongst the strains.Virulent strains resisted the bactericidal activity generated by the xanthine oxidase system; avirulent strains did not. Incorporation of various specific inhibitors of the xanthine oxidase system indicated that the main bactericidal activities were associated with the production ofH202 and hydroxyl radicals (OH).All strains of L. pneumophila were susceptible to the bactericidal activity generated by the myeloperoxidase-H202-halide system, confirming earlier observations that polymorphonuclear neutrophil leucocytes (PMNLS) are able to kill both virulent and avirulent strains of L. pneumophila.

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Peroxidase-mediated Antimicrobial Activity of Rat Uterine Fluid

Cited by 54 publications

References 14 publications

Biological Defense Mechanisms THE EFFECT OF BACTERIA AND SERUM ON SUPEROXIDE PRODUCTION BY GRANULOCYTES

Biological Defense Mechanisms THE EFFECT OF BACTERIA AND SERUM ON SUPEROXIDE PRODUCTION BY GRANULOCYTES

Cell Wall and Protoplast Isoperoxidases of Corn Leaves in Relation to Cut Injury and Infection with Helminthosporium maydis

The effect of oxygen-dependent antimicrobial systems on strains ofLegionella pneumophilaof different virulence

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