Peroxisomal proteomic approach for protein profiling in blue mussels (Mytilus edulis) exposed to crude oil

Abstract

Peroxisomal proteomic protein profiles of exposure to marine pollution have been recently introduced in biomonitoring experiments. However, laboratory experiments to study the independent effect of common pollutants are needed to define a minimal protein expression signature (PES) of exposure to a specific pollutant. The aim of this study was to obtain PESs in blue mussels (Mytilus edulis) exposed to two different crude oil mixtures for future application in biomonitoring areas affected by oil spills. In the study, peroxisome-enriched fractions from digestive gland of M. edulis (L., 1758) were analysed by two-dimensional fluorescence difference electrophoresis (DIGE) and mass spectrometry (MS) after 3 weeks of exposure to crude oil mixtures: crude oil or crude oil spiked with alkylated phenols (AP) and extra polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in a laboratory flow-through system. A minimal PES composed by 13 protein spots and unique PESs of exposure to the two different mixtures were identified. A total of 22 spots from the two-dimensional maps that had shown a significant increase or decrease in abundance in each of the exposed groups exposed were analysed. The hierarchical clustering analysis succeeded in discriminating the exposed groups from the control groups based on the unique PES. The PESs obtained were consistent with protein patterns obtained in previous field experiments. The results suggest that the protein profiles obtained by peroxisomal proteomics could be used to assess oil exposure in marine pollution assessments.

Analysis of environmental stress response on the proteome level

“…The hierarchical cluster analysis of the unique PES spots from the 2D maps that showed significant change in the abundance was able to distinguish the control group from exposed mussels. The data indicate that the PES obtained with DIGE are consistent with previous findings, and that the signatures can be used to biomonitor areas affected by oil spills and to assess oil exposure in the marine environment (Mi, Apraiz, & Cristobal, 2007). …”

“…A number of proteins identified in this study had already been reported previously, thus validating the DIGE technique in environmental research. A recent publication was using DIGE technology to define minimal PES characteristic for blue mussels (Mytilus edulis) exposed to crude oil mixtures (Mi, Apraiz, & Cristobal, 2007). The hierarchical cluster analysis of the unique PES spots from the 2D maps that showed significant change in the abundance was able to distinguish the control group from exposed mussels.…”

“…The majority of the proteins identified from these spots by MS had already been known to be involved in cold-stress response. The previously mentioned work by Mi, Apraiz, and Cristobal (2007), was also using DIGE to monitor proteome changes in the peroxisome-enriched fractions from digestive glands of blue mussels exposed to crude oil and crude oil spiked with alkylated phenols and extra polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in a laboratory flow-through system. The DIGE maps showed significant differences in the abundance of 22 spots.…”

Effects of pesticides and antibiotics on penaeid shrimp with special emphases on behavioral and biomarker responses

“…Some authors have reported that environmental stress such as variation in salinity and temperature [96] or exposure to environmental contaminants such as heavy metals, xenoestrogen, and chlorinated compounds [94,97,98] has an impact on protein expression in different tissues of relevant aquatic organisms. Although gel-free methods using surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization (SELDI) mass spectrometry have been investigated [99][100][101], environmental biomarker discovery still relies mainly on 2D gel electrophoresis and, to our knowledge, is lacking for aquaculture production [102][103][104]. However, there is no doubt that using a proteomic approach in combination with other biomarkers at physiological, behavioral, and biochemical levels will give a more precise set of biomarkers for assessing the exposure of penaeid shrimp to drugs and chemicals.…”

High-Throughput Proteomics: A New Tool for Quality and Safety in Fishery Products

“…They reported changes in the proteome of juvenile Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) [83] of mussel Mytilus edulis exposed to PAH and alkyl phenols [84], to PCB and PAH ( [85]), in the clam Chamaelea galina exposed to PCB [86], to As [87] or the clam Ruditapes decussatus exposed to Cd [88].…”